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年度	112	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	整治
申請機構	淡江大學學校財團法人淡江大學	申請系所	水資源及環境工程學系
專案主持人	彭晴玉	職等/職稱	助理教授
專案中文名稱	流動電極電容去離子系統整治含鉻地下水
中文關鍵字	電容去離子, 流動電極, 鉻, 地下水, 整治
專案英文名稱	Flow-electrode Capacitive Deionizaiton System for Chromium Remediation in Groundwater
英文關鍵字	capacitive deionizaiton, flow-electrode, chromium, groundwater, remediation
執行金額	995,000元
執行期間	2023/12/15 至 2024/11/29
計畫中文摘要	本研究以新穎的流動電極電容去離子系統(Flow-Electrode Capacitive Deionization, FCDI)應用於整治地下水之鉻污染。最適合應用於 FCDI 系統去除鉻之流動電極材料為 Fe3O4/AC (1:1)複合材料；Fe3O4/AC (1:1)複合材料擁有立方尖晶石(spinel)結晶結構，由 140-160 nm 圓形奈米 Fe3O4顆粒佈滿活性碳材料；BET 比表面積為173.48 m2/g，中孔佔總孔體積的比例(Vmeso/Vtot)為99%，比電容值為15.07 F/g (當掃描速率為1 mV/s)。 以5 wt% Fe3O4/AC (1:1)複合材料和1 wt% 碳黑(CB)為 FCDI 流動電極材料，以SCC 操作模式，於系統最佳參數(K2Cr2O7濃度為 1000 mg/L，操作電壓1.6 V，進流水pH值4) 操作時，FCDI 系統擁有優異的 Cr 平均鹽類去除速率(ASRR)為 0.92×10-4 mmol/min/cm2，相較於活性碳流動式電極材料擁有較高的充電效率 (64.84%)與較低的能源消耗(1.02 kWh/mole)，顯示水熱合成之 Fe3O4/AC (1:1)複合材料為深具潛力的去除地下水中鉻之流動電極材料。 陰離子競爭效應的研究中，顯示SO42– 的存在相較於 Cl– 或 NO3– 造成更顯著的競爭效應，當SO42– 共存於溶液時，Cr 之 2 hr ASRR 顯著下降27%；重金屬(砷酸根)離子與鉻酸根離子共存時，砷酸根的存在造成Cr去除的負面影響，Cr 之 2 hr ASRR 明顯下降17%。 回收再用5 wt% Fe3O4/AC (1:1)複合材料的測試，發現Cr 平均鹽類去除速率(ASRR)可略增為1.04×10-4 mmol/min/cm2，但充電效率則顯著下降，能耗也增加至1.89 kWh/mole，代表Fe3O4/AC (1:1)複合材料雖可被清洗再次回收使用，但仍需更多次使用或更長期的回收再用之後續研究。
計畫英文摘要	This research is devoted to developing emerging technology of Flow-Electrode Capacitive Deionization (FCDI) system to remove chromium pollution in groundwater. Fe3O4/AC (1:1) composite material was found to be the most suitable flow-electrode material. The Fe3O4/AC (1:1) composite, maintaining a spinel crystal structure, consisted of 140-160 nm spherical nano Fe3O4 particles distributed on activated carbons. It had a BET surface area of 173.48 m²/g, with 99% mesopores of the total pore volume, and a specific capacitance of 15.07 F/g (at a scan rate of 1 mV/s). With 5 wt% Fe3O4/AC (1:1) composites and 1 wt% carbon black (CB) as the FCDI flow-electrode material, operating in SCC mode and the optimized system parameters (1000 mg/L K2Cr2O7, 1.6 V, feedwater pH value of 4), the FCDI system achieved an good ASRR of 0.92×10-4 mmol/min/cm², a high charging efficiency of 64.84%, and a low energy consumption of 1.02 kWh/mol. It highlighted the potential of hydrothermally synthesized Fe3O4/AC (1:1) composite material for chromium removal from groundwater. Anion competition effects showed that SO4²⁻ had a more pronounced negative impact on removal of chromate ions compared to Cl⁻ or NO3⁻. When SO4²⁻ coexisted in the chromate solution, 2 hr ASRR significantly dropped 27%. The presence of hydrogen arsenate ion resulted in negative impact on Cr removal when heavy metal (hydrogen arsenate ion) coexisted with chromate ion, in which 2 hr ASRR significantly decreased 17%. Reusing 5 wt% Fe3O4/AC (1:1) composite material for FCDI also demonstrated effective chromium removal, with a slightly increased ASRR to 1.04×10-4 mmol/min/cm². However, the charging efficiency significantly decreased, and energy consumption increased to 1.89 kWh/mol, indicating that Fe3O4/AC (1:1) composite material can be cleaned and reused, but further research is needed to assess its long-term reuse feasibility.