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年度	112	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	整治
申請機構	中臺科技大學	申請系所	環境與安全衛生工程系
專案主持人	張益國	職等/職稱	副教授
專案中文名稱	復育植物特性分析及能資源化應用研究
中文關鍵字	植生復育,固體再生燃料,能資源循環
專案英文名稱	Characteristic analysis of phytoremediation plants and the possible use in resource recycling
英文關鍵字	phytoremediation, solid recovered fuel, resource recycling
執行金額	872,301元
執行期間	2023/12/15 至 2024/11/29
計畫中文摘要	植生復育(Phytoremediation)利用植物來移除污染物，使用高等植物經由吸收、分解、傳輸或累積方式移除環境中的污染物或是使之轉化成無害物質，可以應用存在於固體物質(土壤)、溶液物質(水)及空氣中的有機或無機污染物。本研究以植生復育植物能資源化為研究標的，在台中市沙鹿區某非法棄置場址採取馬拉巴栗樹、構樹植物樣本，經特性分析，並將植物製作成固體再生燃料，進行包含銅、鋅、鉻、鉛(四種重金屬為非法棄置場址廢棄物重金屬含量高元素)、鎘、汞(Pb、Cd、Hg為SRF需測重金屬)、砷、鎳，另外三成分分析、熱值、硫氯元素等檢測項目。後續將上述燃料產品送入裂解/氣化爐處理，產生可燃氣；其後，進一步串聯發電機組產電，由控制面板讀取產電能力，評估發電效益。此外，更採集發電機排氣管排氣進行粒狀污染物、重金屬Pb、Cd、Hg、Cu、Zn、Cr、As、Ni，檢測CO、CH4及CO2，硫氧化物、氮氧化物、戴奧辛(規劃委託南台灣環境科技股份有限公司採樣及檢測)，檢討法規符合程度及規劃合適之防制技術。 實驗結果顯示，馬拉巴栗樹之根、莖、葉因水分含量高，淨熱值(NCV；到達基)分別為根544.0 kcal/kg〜544.5kcal/kg、莖749.5 kcal/kg〜775.2kcal/kg、葉1,503 kcal/kg〜1,517kcal/kg。淨熱值遠低於固體再生燃料製造技術指引與品質規範值(以下簡稱SRF品質規範)(2,392 kcal/kg)規定，因此不建議燃料化應用。構樹之根、莖、葉所分析之氯(乾基)含量、淨熱值(NCV)均符合SRF品質規範(氯≦3%；淨熱值≧2,392 kcal/kg)要求，應具燃料化應用潛力。而構樹之根、莖、葉所分析之重金屬Cd、Hg元素均低於SRF品質規範要求。惟樣品1莖之Pb金屬164.6 mg/kg超過固體再生燃料製造技術指引與品質規範值(Pb≦150mg/kg)。 構樹莖樣品經裂解產氣，CO濃度為11.62%；H2濃度為22.88%、CH4濃度為7.08%；CmHn濃度為1.43%，CO2濃度為12.15%；O2濃度為10.93%，可燃氣低位發熱量則為7.38 MJ/Nm3。1公噸樣品裂解產氣、發電約產出47.5度電，發電機尾氣將產生969.5 kg CO2e 排放(傳統燃燒方式則預估產生1,174 kg CO2)。發電機尾氣經採樣、分析，發現主要氮氧化物及一氧化碳排放濃度偏高，後續有必要針對燃燒控制、空氣污染防制設施再做改善。裂解產氣程序，產生殘渣(炭渣)率4.75%。pH值為11.26±0.21，屬鹼性，並經事業廢棄物毒性特性溶出程序判定非屬有害事業廢棄物毒性溶出特性。構樹莖裂解殘渣之重金屬含量，鉛、鎘、汞、鉻、銅、鋅、鎳、鉀、鈉濃度均低於5 mg/kg。對於銅離子吸附具極佳效果；對於甲基藍溶液亦呈現有利吸附之特性，具再利用潛力。
計畫英文摘要	Phytoremediation is practical application in contaminated soil treatment. Furthermore, the possible use of phytoremediation plants need to be considered for sustainable development. In this work, we applied the phytoremediation plants, Malabar chestnut tree and paper mulberry to be used as solid recovered fuel (SRF). Proximate analysis and elemental analysis of phytoremediation plants are conducted to collect basic composition data. Furthermore, characteristics analysis (carbon monoxide content, carbon dioxide content, methane content, hydrogen content, hydrocarbon content) of flammable gas converted from SRF in high temperature pyrolysis/gasification processes are also conducted in present work. The heating value of flammable gas has also been calculated. Besides that, a rated power 120KW engine is applied, the power generation efficiency is evaluated, also the emissions from 120KW generator were analyzed in present work. Experimental results show that due to the high water content in the roots, stems and leaves of the Malabar chestnut tree, the net caloric values (NCV; arrival base) are respectively 544.0 kcal/kg~544.5kcal/kg for the roots, 749.5 kcal/kg~775.2kcal/kg for the stems, and Leaf 1,503 kcal/kg~1,517kcal/kg. The net calorific value (NCV) is far lower than the Taiwan SRF regulation (NCV≧2,392 kcal/kg), hence, fuel application is not recommended. The analyzed chlorine (dry basis) content and NCV of the roots, stems and leaves of paper mulberry are in compliance with the Taiwan SRF regulation(chlorine ≦3%; NCV ≧2,392 kcal/kg) requirements, it should have the potential for fuel application. However, the Pb content of the stem of sample 1 was 164.6 mg/kg, which exceeded the Taiwan SRF regulation (Pb ≦ 150 mg/kg). The paper mulberry stem sample was decomposed by high temperatures pyrolysis to produce flammable gas with the CO concentration of 11.62%; the H2 concentration of 22.88%, the CH4 concentration of 7.08%; the CmHn concentration of 1.43%, the CO2 concentration of 12.15% and the O2 concentration of 10.93%. The lower heating value of combustible gas was 7.38 MJ/Nm3. The pyrolysis of 1000kg sample could produce approximately 47.5 kilowatt-hours of electricity, and the generator exhaust will produce 969.5 kg CO2e emissions. The nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide emission concentrations were a little bit high. It is needed to improve combustion control and air pollution prevention facilities in the future. The residue produce rate of pyrolysis process was 4.75%. It was a non-hazard characteristic. The pH value of the residue was 11.26±0.21. The heavy metal content, such as lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium, copper, zinc, nickel, potassium and sodium were all lower than 5 mg/kg in the pyrolysis residue of paper mulberry stems. Besides that, it showed an excellent adsorption effect on copper ions; it also showed favorable adsorption properties on methyl blue solution.