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年度	111	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	整治
申請機構	中原大學	申請系所	環境工程學系
專案主持人	游勝傑	職等/職稱	教授
專案中文名稱	結合MD 串連模組與鑭系磁性吸附劑加強重金屬污染地下水整治
中文關鍵字	薄膜蒸餾,鑭系磁性吸附劑,地下水整治
專案英文名稱	Combination of MD Series Module and Lanthanum-based Magnetic Adsorbent to Enhance the Remediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Groundwater
英文關鍵字	membrane distillation, Lanthanum-based Magnetic Adsorbe, Groundwater remediationnt,
執行金額	800,000元
執行期間	2022/6/1 至 2023/5/31
計畫中文摘要	本研究將慢速砂濾 (SSF)單元、吸附(ADS)單元及空氣間隙式薄膜蒸餾（AGMD）單元組合成一綜合處理系統。SSF單元用以去除懸浮固體和有機物，防止膜污染；吸附單元則使用團隊自行製備之帶有磁性的吸附劑(MFC@Si)用以去除SSF過程的濾液和AGMD過程的濃排液中的鉻。AGMD具有較高的淨化率和防止揮發性和非揮發性物質的能力，並產生大量的通量。 在SSF單元部分，與石英砂相比，錳砂在不同鉻濃度下的去除率最高，分別為33.65%（10 mg/L）、49.29%（100 mg/L）和37.14%（1000 mg/L）。而吸附單元部分，團隊選擇0.1wt%的MFC@Si作為吸附劑，其表面積為152.69 m2/g，孔徑為5.9 nm。吸附過程所得最佳參數為吸附劑用量為3 g/L、接觸時間為4小時（240分鐘）、溶液pH值約為3-4。MFC@Si 適合以化學方式發生吸附的擬二階，也適合等溫線的 Langmuir 和 Freundlich 模型，獲得的最大容量為 123.92 mg/g。 此外，本研究得到AGMD 最佳操作條件：進料溫度為 80℃，冷凝端的溫度為 20℃，初始 pH 值約為 3-4，進料流量為 4 L/min，冷凝端的流量為 3 L/min，使用墊片寬度為0.6mm。鉻濃度10mg/L、100mg/L和1000mg/L的綜合處理的產水通量分別達到11.67LMH、11.03LMH和10.90LMH，且使用自行調配之不同受鉻污染地下水濃度下的鉻去除率>99%。 對實際受污染地下水進行了各種處理，結果顯示滲透通量約為 12.32 LMH（SSF+ADS+MD）、10.27 LMH（SSF+ MD）、9.32 LMH（ADS+MD）和 7.40 LMH （MD）。MD、SSF+ MD及ADS+MD的組合，以及 SSF+ADS+MD的除鉻綜合去除率分別為 99.23%、99.96%、99.77% 和 99.99%。 2L樣品的總鉻減少量為 485.3 mg（SSF+ADS +MD）、484.2 mg（ADS + MD）、485.2mg（SSF + MD）和 481.6 mg（MD）。 綜合 SSF、ADS 和 MD 處理，幾個參數的去除效率大部分都達到 >99%，但 NH4 僅達到 68.25%（SSF+ADS +MD）。此外，對濃排液進行了吸附處理。對原始地下水，鉻去除率約為4-12%，在結合的SSF、吸附和MD處理中達到最高去除率。原始受污染地下水的吸附能力為10.33 mg Cr/g，鉻去除量為62 mg。基於這些結果，這種綜合處理將是一種可行且有前途的技術，不僅可以去除有毒污染物，還可以從受污染的地下水中回收乾淨的水。
計畫英文摘要	This present study conducted the integrated treatment consisting of slow sand filtration (SSF), adsorption, and air gap membrane distillation (AGMD). SSF was applied as pre-treatment due to its ability to remove suspended solids and organic matter, thus can prevents membrane fouling. The adsorption process with MFC@Si can be plausible for Chromium removal in both supernatants from SSF processes and concentrated feed from the AGMD process. AGMD has a high purification rate and prevention of volatile and nonvolatile substances, as well as generating substantial flux. The present study showed that SSF could remove Chromium compounds and suspended solids. Manganese sand obtained the highest removal compared to Quartz sand in various Chromium concentrations, which was acquired by 33.65% (10 mg/L), 49.29% (100 mg/L), and 37.14% (1000 mg/L). Moreover, MFC@Si 0.1wt% was selected for the adsorption process which has 152.69 m2/g of surface area with 5.9 nm of pore size. The optimal parameter condition for the adsorption process was designated for an adsorbent dosage of 3 g/L, contact time of 4 hours (240 mins), and pH solution of around 3-4. MFC@Si was suited to the Pseudo second-order in which the adsorption chemically occurred, as well as suited to both Langmuir and Freundlich models for Isotherm with a maximum capacity of 123.92 mg/g was gained. Furthermore, the optimal operating conditions for AGMD were obtained at a feed temperature of 80℃, coolant temperature of 20℃, using initial pH around 3-4, feed flowrate of 4 L/min, coolant flowrate of 3 L/min, and spacer width of 0.6 mm. Permeate flux of integrated treatment for chromium concentration 10 mg/L, 100 mg/L, and 1000 mg/L were achieved by 11.67 LMH, 11.03 LMH, and 10.90 LMH, respectively. The Chromium removal in various chromium concentrations was achieved by >99%. Moreover, various treatments were acquainted for real contaminated groundwater, which showed permeate flux of about 12.32 LMH (integrated SSF, ADS, and MD), 10.27 LMH (combined SSF and MD), 9.32 LMH (combined ADS and MD), and 7.40 LMH (single MD). The Chromium removal for single MD; combined SSF and MD; combined ADS and MD, and integrated SSF, ADS, and MD were achieved by 99.23%, 99.96%, 99.77%, and 99.99%, respectively. Total Chromium reduction for 2 Liters operating volume was gained by 485.3 mg (integrated SSF, ADS, and MD), 484.2 mg (combined ADS and MD), 485.2 mg (combined SSF and MD), and 481.6 mg (single MD). The removal efficiency of several parameters was majority gained >99%, except NH4 only 68.25% for integrated SSF, ADS, and MD treatment. Based on these results, this integrated treatment would be a viable and promising technology not only to remove toxic contaminants, also could be reclaimed clean water from polluted groundwate.