跳到主要內容 :::

年度	111	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	整治
申請機構	國立高雄科技大學	申請系所	環境與安全衛生工程系
專案主持人	陳勝一	職等/職稱	教授
專案中文名稱	油品污染土壤超微氣泡清洗技術之效能提昇及模型廠系統建立
中文關鍵字	柴油, 土壤, 超微氣泡, 清洗技術, 模型廠, 綠色科技
專案英文名稱	Performance enhancement and pilot-scale system of ultra-fine bubbles washing technology for oil-contaminated soils
英文關鍵字	Diesel, Green technology, Pilot-scale, Soil washing, Ultra-fine bubbles
執行金額	880,000元
執行期間	2022/5/1 至 2023/4/30
計畫中文摘要	近年來由於油品洩漏或非法傾倒事件時有所聞，導致土壤及地下水之污染日益嚴重，此對於原本土地資源取得不易之台灣投資環境，無疑是雪上加霜，同時對於環境生態與人體健康之潛在風險亦逐漸升高。土壤一旦受到污染，常需要花費數年乃至於數十年之功夫才能整治完成，而且必須投入極高之整治經費。通常，油品土壤之物化整治技術或多或少都有其實際應用上之限制，不外乎是處理效率不佳、成本高或是不符合綠色科技概念；而生物處理技術則具有反應時間長之缺點。本計畫之研究目的首先將根據前一年度所求得之批次式(單一槽體)油品污染土壤超微氣泡清洗技術的最佳化操作參數，進行土壤超微氣泡清洗技術之效能驗證及效能提昇，並於實驗室內建立模型廠反應系統以開發串聯式(由三段土壤清洗槽串連而成)土壤超微氣泡清洗程序，增進超微氣泡清洗技術於油品污染土壤整治之實用性；同時探討主要操作參數對於土壤超微氣泡清洗技術模型廠系統之影響，進一步優化油品污染土壤超微氣泡清洗技術，以作為未來此技術實際運用於污染土壤整治時之設計參考依據。 研究結果發現，超微氣泡產生器可以產生九成以上之高比例奈米級氣泡 (<100 nm)。當超微氣泡產生器之操作壓力越高時，可以有效生成比例越高、濃度越高、粒徑更小且大小分布更為集中之超微氣泡。而且超微氣泡在水中之停留時間將可以超過1小時以上。在超微氣泡土壤清洗程序中，當操作壓力越高時，土壤中柴油之去除效率會隨之增加；當清洗水進流量增加時，土壤中柴油之去除效率則呈現較佳之趨勢。在超微氣泡土壤清洗程序中，若超微氣泡帶正電荷時，因土壤顆粒帶負電，使得水中帶正電超微氣泡與土壤顆粒之接觸機率增加，將可以些微提升土壤中柴油之去除率。考量到操作成本，可將超微氣泡土壤清洗程序中，操作壓力設定為 4 atm、清洗水進流量設定為 1 L/min，不加任何化學藥劑，以原始超微氣泡之帶電特性來進行土壤超微氣泡清技術之模廠試驗。另外，在超微氣泡土壤清洗技術模廠試驗中，當土壤處理量越高時，土壤中柴油之去除效率會隨之些微降低；而當柴油濃度增加時，土壤中柴油之去除效率則具有增加之情形。超微氣泡土壤清洗技術模廠試驗之最佳操作參數為土壤處理量 100 g/L、柴油濃度36,260 mg/kg時，土壤中柴油之最高去除效率達到85% 以上。另一方面，若將超微氣泡土壤清洗程序中運用於潤滑油污染土壤之整治處理時，由於潤滑油具有較高之分子量、黏滯性及穩定性，土壤中潤滑油去除率將明顯低於柴油之去除率。
計畫英文摘要	The soil pollution from oil spillage is a serious environmental problem, not only in the highly industrialized countries all over the world but also in Taiwan. A novel, green and environmentally-friendly technology is urgently required for the remediation of oil-contaminated soils in future. Due to the generation of shock wave and OH radical at the moment of bursting of ultra-fine bubbles in water, the bubble bursting energy can be subsequently applied to remove the oil pollutants from contaminated soils. Therefore, the purposes of this project are to develop an innovative soil washing technology for oil-contaminated soils with ultra-fine bubbles, and to investigate the applicability and efficiency of this soil washing technology for contaminated soil remediation by ultra-fine bubbles. In this novel soil washing technology, the up-flow washing water containing ultra-fine bubbles is firstly introduced into the reactor from the bottom, expansion of soil particles occurs during soil washing. Then the oil pollutants attached to soil particles are separated by several forces such as particle collision and friction, fluid shear stress, and bubble collapse energy. Additionally, the detached oils are floated from the wastewater to water surface during the soil washing. In this project, a pilot-scale system of the ultra-file bubbles washing technology for oil-contaminated soils will be first developed based on the research results and findings obtained from the previous year’s project. Then, the optimal parameters and performance enhancement of the above ultra-file bubbles washing technology will be investigated in this study. In addition, the characteristics of size of ultra-fine bubbles will be determined by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) under different operational pressure. Finally, the treated soils will be evaluated for the feasibility of reuse and recycling. Based on the experimental results, it was found that high percentage (> 90%) and high concentration of ultra-fine bubbles generated in this study belonged to the nanobubbles (<100 nm). The size of ultra-fine bubbles decreased with increasing operation pressure of ultra-fine bubble generator. Therefore, the removal efficiency of TPHd from contaminated soils was enhanced as the operation pressure increased in the soil washing process with ultra-fine bubbles. Also, the removal efficiency of TPHd increased with increasing flowrate of washing water with ultra-bubbles. Meawhile, ultra-fine bubbles with positive charge was able to improve the removal of TPHd from contaminated soils slightly in the soil washing process with ultra-fine bubbles. Considering the operational cost, the parameters of ultra-file bubbles washing technology were selected as 4 atm of operation pressure, 1 L/min of washing water flowrate and negative charge of bubble charge. For the pilot-scale system of the ultra-file bubbles washing technology, the removal efficiency of TPHd was found to increase with decreasing soil solids content and increasing TPHd concentration in soil. The results of response surface methodology indicated that the maximum efficiency of TPHd removal was achieved at 100 g/L of soil solids content with 36,260 mg/kg of TPHd concentration in soil, where up to 85% of TPHd were removed from the contaminated soil.