跳到主要內容 :::

年度	111	專案性質	非實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	調查
申請機構	淡江大學學校財團法人淡江大學	申請系所	水資源及環境工程學系
專案主持人	王聖瑋	職等/職稱	助理教授
專案中文名稱	環境變遷對於地下水污染潛勢之衝擊評估
中文關鍵字	地下水,環境變遷,污染潛勢
專案英文名稱	Evaluating influence of environmental change on groundwater contamination potential
英文關鍵字	Groundwater, Environmental changes, Contamination potential
執行金額	600,000元
執行期間	2022/5/1 至 2023/4/30
計畫中文摘要	近年因氣候變遷導致極端降雨情形，雨量減少已造成部分地區存在缺水危機，而抽取地下水做為備援用水為臺灣於枯旱時期重要水資源調配策略之一，然而因環境變遷而導致之極端氣候、產業開發、用水量增加、土地利用變化等，除造成部分區域發生地下水人為污染問題，亦可能造成地下水水質特徵與污染潛勢逐漸改變，因此本研究主要針對長期環境變遷情形，包括氣候變遷造成的降雨型態改變之自然因子、及產業轉型造成地表人為活動改變之人為因子，綜整以往20年之氣溫與雨量變化、土地利用轉變、及地下水水質參數等資料，評估環境變遷對於地下水水質特徵及污染潛勢分布之衝擊影響，並歸納地下水水質特徵之關鍵項目與主要變化區域，做為水質監測與用水調整之地下水保育的參考。 由於桃園地區產業、人口、經濟等發展已逐漸造成地下水水質負荷，故本研究優先針對桃園中壢臺地做為環境變遷對於地下水污染潛勢評估之研究區域，並蒐集長時間不同型態之地下水水質、氣溫、雨量等資料，將其區分為豐、枯、平水年後，以因素分析及相關性分析等統計方式進行時間序列之資料降維分析，接著應用地理統計方法建立污染潛勢空間分布，並以全域型空間自相關分析探討地下水污染潛勢分布與土地利用之聚集現象，其結果顯示桃園中壢臺地之高-高型態網格數量減少，代表地下水污染潛勢有逐漸趨緩情形，且多數監測井之地下水污染潛勢為下降或持平狀況。此外，本研究以不同年份(2005及2016年)之土地利用型態，並套疊地理統計推估結果進行探討，其土地利用變化情形大致符合桃園地區經濟發展情況，由早期農業、森林、水利、礦鹽等用地轉換成至今建築、交通、公共、遊憩等用地，並進一步分析區域型空間自相關屬於高-高型態之範圍，其結果顯示範圍內之整體面積增加之用地包括交通及建築用地等2種，而農用、水利、工業、其他等4種用地之面積減少，推測其可能是由早期農業、水利、工業、其他等用地轉換成至今經濟發展提高且生活較為便利之建築、交通等用地，故本研究建議未來在交通設施及建築建設階段，可加強相關地下水保護工作，包括(1)強化審查環評說明書與報告書之地下水保護內容、(2)持續監測在建設與營運過程對地下水質之影響、(3)加強管制周遭可能之高污染潛勢事業單位、(4)確保建築工地開挖地下水再利用之地下水品質，以做為在經濟發展過程時，提供必要的地下水資源調適措施之參考。
計畫英文摘要	Due to climate change, extreme rainfall events have occurred in recent years, leading to reduced precipitation and water scarcity in certain regions. As a result, groundwater extraction has become a crucial strategy for Taiwan to secure water reserves during drought periods. However, various factors such as extreme climate conditions, industrial development, increased water demand, and land use changes have not only caused anthropogenic groundwater contamination in some areas but also gradually altered groundwater quality characteristics and pollution potential. This study aims to assess the impact of long-term environmental changes on the distribution of groundwater quality characteristics and contamination potential. Natural factors like changes in rainfall patterns caused by climate change and human-induced factors associated with alterations in surface activities due to industrial transformations are considered in this study. Data from the past 20 years on temperature and precipitation variations, land use changes, and groundwater quality parameters are integrated to achieve this. The research focuses on the Taoyuan area as it has experienced significant industrial growth, population expansion, and economic development, leading to increased pressure on groundwater quality. Long-term data on groundwater quality, temperature, precipitation, and other relevant factors are collected. The data is categorized into wet, dry, and average water years. Statistical techniques, including factor analysis and correlation analysis, are utilized to analyze the temporal trends and reduce the dimensionality of the data. Geostatistical methods are then applied to establish spatial distributions of pollution potential. Additionally, global spatial autocorrelation analysis is conducted to explore any clustering patterns between groundwater pollution potential and land use. The results indicate a decreasing number of high-high-type grid cells in the Taoyuan area, indicating a gradual reduction in groundwater pollution potential. Most monitored wells exhibit a decrease or stability in pollution potential. Furthermore, the research reflects the economic development trends of this area by examining land use changes between different years, such as the transition from agricultural and water resource areas to construction and transportation zones. The approaches for enhancing groundwater protection during transportation infrastructure and building construction phases based on the results are proposed, including (1) strengthening the review of environmental impact assessment reports to ensure comprehensive groundwater protection measures, (2) continuous monitoring of the impact on groundwater quality during construction and operation, (3) stricter regulation of high pollution potential businesses in the vicinity, and (4) ensuring the quality of excavated groundwater for reuse at construction sites. These measures serve as valuable references for implementing necessary groundwater resource adjustment measures during the process of economic development.