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年度	111	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	自訂
申請機構	國立臺灣大學	申請系所	生農學院水工試驗所
專案主持人	游景雲	職等/職稱	教授
專案中文名稱	水田土壤飽和入滲重金屬通量監測裝置之研發
中文關鍵字	縮時樹脂膠囊,重金屬,土壤污染,X光螢光分析儀
專案英文名稱	Research and Development of Heavy Metal Flux Monitoring Device for Saturated Infiltration of Paddy Field Soil
英文關鍵字	Time-lapse Resin Capsules,Heavy Metal,Soil Pollution,XRF
執行金額	850,000元
執行期間	2022/7/1 至 2023/6/30
計畫中文摘要	預防農地受污染的操作實務面將遭遇許多困難與挑戰，座落於台灣農地的工廠依然林立，對於農田污染的威脅並沒有消失，隨著灌溉水進入農地的重金屬污染增量長期以來缺少一種有效的方法進行評估。面對廣大的農地與預防農地受污染機制資源有限的條件下，建置一個長期監測系統且符合經濟效益的可行預警機制是環保署未來對保護農地免受重金屬污染的重大挑戰。 本研究團隊的計畫目標係研發適合水田飽和土壤入滲重金屬通量之智慧污染監測裝置，用以評估水田栽種期間受到重金屬隨灌溉水進入農地的風險，作為預防農地受重金屬污染的預警機制，將來推廣至有重金屬污染潛勢的區域，作為保護農地生產安全的方法。本研究計畫以離子交換樹脂為基材已研發出「智慧污染監測系統裝置」，利用樹脂離子交換水中重金屬之快速及強大能力，將該採樣器埋設於定點即可紀錄自埋設監測至回收這段時間內水田入滲之重金屬通量變化。在實驗室樹脂滲漏計吸附重金屬實驗中，根據數據分析結果說明如下： (1) 實驗室高濃度金屬滲漏試驗中，由金屬檢測數據資料中顯示，透過統計的相關係數分析得知，11種金屬的濃度相關係數皆達0.95以上，說明選用適合的離子交換樹脂(氫型)可以有效地得知滲漏水中水體通量變化趨勢的影響。 (2) 分析鈣與鍶、銅與鍶、鋅與鍶以及鉻與鍶的濃度線性關係中，隨著滲漏水體的濃度增加，發現鈣與鍶以及銅與鍶的濃度線性關係較不受低滲漏量的影響；其餘二種本研究案關心的重金屬(鋅與鉻)因低滲漏量(例如4 L滲漏量)，使得線性截距值偏大而無法通過原點的現象發生。 (3) 實驗室金屬滲漏試驗中，銅與鍶在相同滲漏量的條件下(以8 L滲漏量為例)，不同濃度(0.045 mg/L、0.091 mg/L、0.182 mg/L與0.727 mg/L)所對應的線性關係高(達R2=0.9966)，說明氫型離子交換樹脂可以有效地得知滲漏水中金屬濃度變化的趨勢。 (4) 填充交換樹脂的裝置選用需有良好通透性以及材質本身不能含有重金屬之要求，選用食用級之耐酸鹼PVC材質等級做為扁形圓盤採樣器之外觀設計。 (5) 水田「智慧污染監測系統裝置」所蒐集的資料顯示水田坵塊在空間上的入滲量也是不均勻的，大部分以入水口(A)與中間點(B)的位置入滲量最大。值得注意的是，本計畫所監測的4個農地坵塊中，平均入滲量變化差異可以達到1倍以上。 (6) 水田土壤飽和水中陽離子交換樹脂(氫型)的吸附主要是以鎳、銅與鋅為主，陰離子交換樹脂(氫氧型)則是發現有鉻的蹤跡，其餘鎘、鉛則是無訊號產生(低於檢測極限)。顯示在水田厭氧條件下，鎳、銅與鋅主要還是因帶正電而被陽離子交換樹脂(氫型)吸附，而鉻則是以帶負電的型態被陰離子交換樹脂(氫氧型)吸附，鎘與鉛則是因為土壤飽和水中的濃度太低無法呈現出來。 本研究設計主軸為「著重預警機制的可靠性與穩定性，讓土地不再被污染，重點更在於創新」。研發適合水田飽和土壤入滲重金屬通量之智慧污染監測裝置，用以評估水田栽種期間受到重金屬隨灌溉水進入農地的風險，建置水田飽和土壤重金屬入滲通量的評估方式，作為預防農地受重金屬污染的預警機制。
計畫英文摘要	The practice of preventing farmland pollution will encounter many difficulties and challenges. There are still many factories located in Taiwan’s farmland, and the threat of farmland pollution has not disappeared. The increase in heavy metal pollution as irrigation water enters farmland has long lacked an effective method. method to evaluate. Facing the vast farmland and the limited resources of the farmland pollution prevention mechanism, building a long-term monitoring system and a feasible early warning mechanism with economic benefits is a major challenge for the Environmental Protection Agency to protect farmland from heavy metal pollution in the future. The project goal of this research team is to develop a smart pollution monitoring device suitable for the infiltration of heavy metals in saturated soil in paddy fields, to assess the risk of heavy metals entering the farmland with irrigation water during paddy field planting, as an early warning mechanism to prevent heavy metal pollution in farmland, In the future, it will be extended to areas with heavy metal pollution potential as a method to protect the safety of agricultural production. This research project has developed a "smart pollution monitoring system device" using ion exchange resin as the base material. Using the fast and powerful ability of resin ion exchange for heavy metals in water, the sampler can be buried at a fixed point to record from the buried monitoring to the recovery. Changes of heavy metal flux in paddy field infiltration over a period of time. In the laboratory resin osmometer adsorption heavy metal experiment, according to the data analysis results are explained as follows: (1) In the high-concentration metal leakage test in the laboratory, the metal detection data shows that through statistical correlation coefficient analysis, the concentration correlation coefficients of 11 metals are all above 0.95, indicating that the appropriate ion exchange resin ( Hydrogen type) can effectively understand the influence of the change trend of water flux in seepage water. (2) Analyzing the linear relationship between the concentrations of calcium and strontium, copper and strontium, zinc and strontium, and chromium and strontium, as the concentration of the seepage water body increases, it is found that the linear relationship between the concentration of calcium and strontium and copper and strontium is not affected by hypotonicity. (3) In the laboratory metal leakage test, under the same leakage amount of copper and strontium (taking 8 L leakage as an example), different concentrations (0.045 mg/L, 0.091 mg/L, 0.182 mg/L The linear relationship corresponding to 0.727 mg/L) is high (up to R2=0.9966), indicating that the hydrogen-type ion exchange resin can effectively learn the trend of metal concentration changes in seepage water. (4) The device filled with exchange resin must have good permeability and the material itself must not contain heavy metals. Food-grade acid and alkali-resistant PVC material grades are selected as the appearance design of the flat disc sampler. (5) The data collected by the "Smart Pollution Monitoring System Device" of paddy fields shows that the infiltration of paddy field mounds is also uneven in space, and most of the infiltration is the largest at the water inlet (A) and the middle point (B). It is worth noting that among the four agricultural land mounds monitored by this project, the difference in average infiltration can reach more than 1 times. (6) The adsorption of cation exchange resin (hydrogen type) in the saturated water of paddy field soil is mainly nickel, copper and zinc, and anion exchange resin (hydrogen oxygen type) is found to have traces of chromium, and the remaining cadmium and lead have no signal ( below the detection limit). It shows that under anaerobic conditions in paddy fields, nickel, copper, and zinc are mainly adsorbed by cation exchange resins (hydrogen type) due to positive charges, while chromium is adsorbed by anion exchange resins (hydrogen-oxygen type) in a negatively charged state. , cadmium and lead cannot be shown because the concentration in soil saturated water is too low. The design axis of this study is "focusing on the reliability and stability of the early warning mechanism, so that the land will no longer be polluted, and the focus is on innovation." Develop a smart pollution monitoring device suitable for the infiltration of heavy metals in saturated soil in paddy fields to assess the risk of heavy metals entering the farmland with irrigation water during the planting of paddy fields Early warning mechanism of heavy metal pollution.