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年度	110	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	模場試驗	研究主題	整治
申請機構	朝陽科技大學	申請系所	環境工程與管理系
專案主持人	程淑芬	職等/職稱	教授
專案中文名稱	油污染土壤綠色整治及創造循環經濟效益
中文關鍵字	生物整治,植生復育,多孔性濾料,地下水,砷移除
專案英文名稱	Green remediation of oil-contaminated soil and creation of circular economic benefits
英文關鍵字	bioremediation, phytoremediation, porous filter media, groundwater, arsenic removal
執行金額	2,880,000元
執行期間	2021/1/1 至 2022/12/31
計畫中文摘要	本計畫主要包括二個部分。第一部分為『油污染土壤生物復育技術』的成效驗證；第二部分為『油污染土壤再生多孔性材料處理富砷地下水源技術』的開發。 在油污染土壤生物復育技術方面，本計畫結合國內最主要的油品生產公司中油公司探採所及油銷部共同合作，透過模場試驗驗證油品污染之生物整治技術成效，並建立操作參數。本計畫生物整治技術涵蓋微生物整治及植生復育整治。首先透過盆栽試驗設計，分為原生菌種試驗組、油分解菌試驗組、植生試驗組、油分解菌結合植生試驗組。此外生物炭具有提高土壤透氣性，促進植物根系發展的功能，是土壤生物復育所需要的元素，因此將其結合生物整治進行試驗。本計畫選擇培地茅、香茅及芒草三種植物進行植生復育試驗。藉由試驗結果評估各種處理技術之改善成效。釐清植生復育中植物種植對改善成效之貢獻。透過盆栽試驗結果篩選最可行有效之改善方法，進行現地試驗，驗證生物復育技術之實場成效，並建立本土操作參數。此外，透過植生復育產品再利用用途之開發，使植生復育在土壤污染整治之外，創造循環經濟效益。 在油污染土壤再生多孔性材料處理富砷地下水源技術開發方面，研究團隊過去研究發現旋轉窯結圈石對砷有很強的吸附去除能力。因此，本計畫透過結圈石特性的分析，解析結圈石對砷的去除機制，並透過模場現地試驗，選擇國內不同富砷地區、不同砷濃度之地下水井進行砷移除試驗，評估結圈石對不同地區地下水砷之去除能力，吸附容量、成本效益，以及做為地下水源砷去除技術之可行性。此外，本計畫模擬結圈石之燒結條件以油污染土壤進行多孔性再生材料之製備，開發對砷具有移除能力之多孔性材料，做為富砷地區地下水源除砷資材。 試驗結果顯示，種植培地茅及香茅都可顯著提升土壤中TPH之分解效率，但香茅對於高濃度TPH之耐受性較低。添加油分解菌之促進成效較不顯著，建議可以不用添加。生物炭在高濃度土壤可增加植物的生長，亦有增加TPH分解的成效。另外，施用生物炭有土壤碳封存的作用，可進一步進行現地試驗，建立現地應用技術及評估碳封存能力。 目前研究結果顯示鐵粉的添加對陶粒吸水率、孔隙率、膨脹率及密度有很大的改變。鐵粉添加率15%時，陶粒之吸水率可增加至2.2倍；孔隙率增加為1.6倍；膨脹率增加為將近4倍；密度減少一半以上。生物炭添加對陶粒比表面積則有相當顯著的提升。添加15%鐵粉及15%生物炭之陶粒比表面積大約為原始土壤陶粒的13倍。旋轉窯結圈石具有良好的吸附特性，吸水率為18.18%；孔隙率為41.1%；密度0.89 g/cm3；比表面積高達35.18 m2/g。在結圈石管柱迴流168小時後，砷去除率70%。自製陶粒對砷之去除率可達結圈石之85%。 現地初步試驗結果顯示，未粒徑分選之結圈石能有效去除地水砷，最佳去除效率可達100%，後續可再進一步建立應用方法。 關鍵字：生物復育；植生復育；總石油碳氫化合物；砷
計畫英文摘要	This project mainly includes two parts. The first part is "TPH-contaminated soil biological remediation technology"; The second part is "TPH-contaminated soil regenerating porous material to treat arsenic-rich groundwater technology development". In terms of the biological remediation technology of TPH-contaminated soil, this project will cooperate with CPC Corporation, Taiwan, the most important oil production company in Taiwan. Establish bio-remediation technology for TPH pollution through field tests and verify its effectiveness. The biological remediation technology of this project covers microbial remediation and phytoremediation. First, through the pot experiments, including the native bacteria test group, the TPH decomposing bacteria test group, the phytoremediation test group and the oil decomposing bacteria combined phytoremediation test group. Evaluate the improvement effects of various processing technologies based on the test results. Clarify the contribution of plant cultivation to improving the effectiveness of phytoremediation. Screen the most cost-effective and effective improvement methods based on the results of pot experiments, conduct field trials to verify the field effectiveness of the biological remediation technology, and establish local operating parameters. It takes a long time for phytoremediation. If the planted plants do not have economic benefits or cannot be reused, the phytoremediation is difficult to sustain. In this project, three plants, Digrass, Lemongrass and Miscanthus, will selected for planting experiments. Among them, cultivated field grass and citronella have the feasibility of extracting essential oils. For the remaining plant residues, this plan will prepare it into biochar. Biochar has the function of improving soil permeability and promoting the development of plant roots. It is an element required for soil biological remediation. Therefore, its application in biological remediation should have the potential to improve the effectiveness of biological remediation. Through the development of reuse of phytoremediation products, phytoremediation can be achieved in addition to soil remediation and create circular economic benefits. Regarding the development of technology development for regenerating porous materials from oil-contaminated soil to treat arsenic-rich groundwater sources. Affected by natural geological factors, more than 70 countries around the world are facing the problem of arsenic-rich groundwater. In the past, the research team tested the adsorption capacity of various porous materials for arsenic and found that the rotary kiln ring stone has a strong adsorption and removal capacity for arsenic. Therefore, this project analyzes the characteristics of ring stones and analyzes the mechanism of arsenic removal by ring stones, and through the field test, select different arsenic-rich areas and groundwater wells with different arsenic concentrations for arsenic removal test. Evaluate the removal capacity, adsorption capacity and cost-effectiveness of groundwater arsenic in different areas. Assess the feasibility of using ring stones as arsenic removal technology of groundwater source. In addition, this project simulates the sintering conditions of ring stones and prepares porous recycled materials with oil-contaminated soil. Develop porous materials with the ability to remove arsenic as a technology for removing arsenic from groundwater sources in arsenic-rich areas. The test results showed that both the planting of Digrass and Lemongrass could significantly improve the decomposition efficiency of TPH in the soil, but the tolerance of Lemongrass to high concentrations of TPH was low. The effect of adding oil-decomposing bacteria is not significant, so it is recommended not to add it. Biochar can increase the growth of plants in high-concentration soil, and also has the effect of increasing the decomposition of TPH. In addition, the application of biochar has the effect of carbon sequestration in soil, and further field experiments can be carried out to establish field application technologies and evaluate carbon sequestration capacity. The current research results show that the addition of iron powder greatly changes the water absorption, porosity, expansion rate and density of ceramsite. When the iron powder addition rate is 15%, the water absorption rate of the ceramsite can be increased to 2.2 times; the porosity is increased to 1.6 times; the expansion rate is increased to nearly 4 times; the density is reduced by more than half. The addition of biochar has a significant increase in the specific surface area of ceramsite. The specific surface area of the ceramsite with 15% iron powder and 15% biochar is about 13 times that of the original soil ceramsite. Rotary kiln ring stone has good adsorption characteristics, water absorption is 18.18%; porosity is 41.1%; density is 0.89 g/cm3; specific surface area is as high as 35.18 m2/g. The arsenic removal rate was 70% after refluxing the ring stone column for 168 hours. The arsenic removal rate of homemade ceramsite can reach 85% of that of ring stones. Preliminary test results in the field show that the arsenic in the groundwater can be effectively removed from the ring stone without particle size sorting, and the optimal removal efficiency can reach 100%. The application method can be further established in the follow-up. Keywords: bioremediation; phytoremediation; TPH; arsenic