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年度	100	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	調查
申請機構	崑山科技大學	申請系所	環境工程系
專案主持人	吳庭年	職等/職稱	教授
專案中文名稱	以雷射激發螢光系統建立國內油品特性光譜及風化效應影響之研究
中文關鍵字	雷射誘發螢光；光譜；石油；風化效應
專案英文名稱	The study on characteristic spectrums of domestic petroleum products through laser-induced fluorescence system and their influence by weather effects
英文關鍵字	laser-induced fluorescence (LIF)；spectrum；petroleum；weather effect
執行金額
執行期間	2011/11/26 至 2012/11/25
計畫中文摘要	自土污法公布施行後，環保署土污基管會的執行政策首先著重於調查地下環境 之污染，經數年調查下來，已累計公告列管「加油站類」污染場址共 83 座，土壤及 地下水均超過管制標準者有 50 處，僅地下水超過標準者有 18 處，僅土壤超過土壤 污染管制標準者有 15 處。土壤污染項目則以總石油碳氫化合物(TPH)最普遍，苯、 甲苯、乙苯次之；地下水污染項目則以苯最常見。 傳統調查多採分階段作業，從土壤氣體、土壤採樣、簡易井地下水採樣、監測 井設置與地下水採樣檢測分析等，係屬於較剛性的定義採樣位置與數量，且由現場 採樣至實驗室檢測結果取得，通常需等待數週的時間；因此，需要多階段的現場調 查與採樣才能達成調查之目的。近年來新進檢測技術的發展已可提升場址評估的效 率，美國環保署並將快速場址調查與評估技術更進一步推展到所謂的三合系統(Triad System)。三合系統是依環境整治效益決策所發展的系統，除了原快速場址評估的系 統性規劃(Systematic Planning) 與現場測量技術(On Site Measurement Technologies)之外，更加入動態工作計畫 (Dynamic Work Plan)，以強化現場決策的規劃方法，其主 要的精神是在最短的時間內，以最經濟的方式，得到符合品質要求的資料。而目前 國內的調查計畫亦逐漸發展至快速場址調查技術之方向，包含有地球物理、直接貫 入法、土壤氣體、現場有機物/重金屬偵測技術、現場快速篩選試劑…等；而雷射激 發螢光系統(LIF)技術為一新穎的即時場址調查技術，國外已有些許場址調查作業的 應用案例，有鑑於國內尚未發展應用本項先進技術，故研提本計畫。 目前廣泛應用於國內調查作業的薄膜介面探測系統(MIP)調查技術主要針對 「溶解相態」的有機污染物，而 LIF 技術的應用對象係針對非屬溶解相態的「自由 相態」油品污染物。因油品中含 PAH 化合物具有螢光之特性，利用 LIF 技術可提供 追蹤場址中持續洩漏源、或鑑別自由相源頭之洩漏路徑和洩漏物種種類。本研究計 畫規劃針對台灣常見油品建置 LIF 之螢光特性光譜資料庫，並探討地下環境中油品 以混合型態存在下其螢光特性圖譜之差異；另進行風化試驗以模擬不同油品因存在 於地下環境中隨時間降解，鑑別其螢光特性是否受風化程度之影響。本項研究技術 之發展，將可增加一新穎快速場址調查技術之選擇，以應用於不同特性之案場現地 調查作業，提供污染場址後續整治規劃之參考依據。
計畫英文摘要	Taiwan EPA implementation works have been focused on investigation of underground contamination since Soil and Groundwater Remediation Act passed. Based on years of investigation, 83 soil and groundwater pollution control sites belong to the type of gas station. Among these pollution control sites, 50 sites failed to meet both soil and groundwater regulated standards, 18 sites exceeded groundwater regulated standard and 15 sites exceeded soil regulated standard. A high level of TPH is the most common cause for soil pollution control sites, and the other causes are benzene, toluene, and ethylbenzene. Benzene is the major pollutant in most groundwater pollution control sites. Traditional investigation procedures are soil gas sampling, soil sampling, groundwater sampling, establishment of monitoring wells, and groundwater monitoring. Sampling positions and number of samples are arranged in advance, and it often takes several weeks to obtain the result of lab analysis. Thus, it needs supplemental sampling and analysis to complete site investigation. The development of novel investigation technology can improve the efficiency of site assessment. Based on the decision-making of environmental remediation efficiency, US EPA has introduced the so-called triad system to integrate systematic planning, on-site measurement technologies, and dynamic work plan for rapid site assessment. The new-developed investigation plans has employed several rapid site investigation technologies, including geophysical method, direct-push sampling, soil gas sampling, on-site organic or metal detection, rapid screening reagents, etc. Laser induced fluorescence (LIF) technology is developed for on-site real-time site investigation, and it has been successfully applied on several foreign cases of site investigation. LIF has not been widely used in Taiwan, so the initiative of this study is to introduce this novel investigation technology. Membrane interface probe (MIP) system has been widely applied on site investigation in Taiwan recently, and the detection target for MIP is mainly dissolved-phase organic pollutants. The detection target for LIF is free-phase petroleum pollutants that are quite different from MIP detected. Petroleum products contain PAH compounds that possess fluorescence characteristics, and LIF can trace petroleum leakages, explore the pathway of leakage transport, and identify the species of petroleum leakages based on their fluorescence characteristics. This study plans to establish the petroleum databank of LIF fluorescence characteristic spectrums, and distinguish LIF fluorescence characteristic spectrums among mixed petroleum pollutants in underground environment. Petroleum leakages may be naturally degraded in underground environment, and weather experiments are employed to identify its influence on LIF fluorescence characteristic spectrums. The development of LIF application can provide another alternative of novel rapid site investigation technologies for various specific sites, and also present the reference information for planning the remediation of pollution sites.