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年度	104	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	整治
申請機構	國立臺灣大學	申請系所	生物能源研究中心
專案主持人	柯淳涵	職等/職稱	比照簡任第13職等/教授
專案中文名稱	植生復育重金屬污染土壤及其生命周期評估
中文關鍵字	植生復育、永續整治、植物整治
專案英文名稱	Vegetation restoration of heavy metal contaminated soil and Life Cycle Assessment
英文關鍵字	Phytoremediation, Sustainable remediation, plant renovation
執行金額	1,000,000元
執行期間	2014/12/1 至 2015/11/30
計畫中文摘要	植生復育(Phytoremediation)是利用植物來移除污染物的技術。植生復育定義為使用高等植物經由吸收、分解、傳輸或累積方式移除環境中的污染物或是使之轉化成無害物質，可以應用存在於固體物質(土壤)、溶液物質(水)及空氣中的有機或無機污染物。植生復育在國外有許多相關的報導，發現具有重金屬富集作用的植物，如部分十字花科植物對於鎳具有富集效果。但若引進國外植物不僅有氣候適應的問題，對於環境上的衝擊也是有疑慮，因此本計畫擬利用本土種植物進行綠色整治試驗研究，以現地含有重金屬銅、鎳、鉻的土壤作為植物種植的來源，目前規畫以本土常見與具有能源潛力作物，如狼尾草、芒草、十字花科-油菜、水稗進行重金屬吸附試驗。 本研究已完成狼尾草、芒草、水稗及油菜以重金屬污染土壤鎳、鉻及銅蓄積效果。從結果來看水稗及油菜對於這三種重金屬具有富集效果，對於土壤重金屬的移除將可獲得良好的助益，然而以生物量來看，狼尾草可獲得最大的生物量，並且可以進行後續的再利用。從目前結果來看狼尾草所獲得的生物量最大，其次為芒草、水稗、油菜，而在重金屬鎳的環境下，狼尾草的植體每平方公尺，一次收獲可移除11.99~27.30 mg之間的鎳，芒草為5.26-15.05 mg之間、水稗為0.40-2.24 mg之間，油菜為0.13-1.92 mg 之間；在重金屬鉻的環境下，狼尾草的植體每平方公尺，可移除26.69-53.82 mg之間的銅，芒菜為2.10-25.80 mg之間，水稗為1.01-2.59 mg之間、油菜為0.83-1.58 mg之間；在重金屬銅的環境之下，狼尾草的的植體每平方公尺，可移除27.34-92.52 mg之間的銅，芒草為5.92-52.66 mg之間，水稗為0.43-2.26 mg之間，油菜為0.18-5.10之間，油菜及水稗雖較具有富集現象，但若以生物量來估算，狼尾草及芒草可移除重金屬量則較大。 植生復育法在實行時對於現地場址的生態破壞程度較低，為一永續性的污染整治方式，但在考慮到場址重金屬污染濃度，較嚴重污染的土壤將影響到植生復育植物的生長及未來的富集量，因此使用傳統排土客土工法將對環境衝擊較低，然而若污染濃度較低，使用植生復育工法所造成的環境衝擊則較低，另外污染土壤的之污染深度也是需考量的點，若污染場址的污染情形為深度污染的話，植生復育工法的移除將是有限的，因植物的根系大多不深，因此需要較長時間的移除，使用傳統排土客土工法造成的環境衝擊則較低；使用植生復育將考量植株之轉移係數及收穫量等因素，相較於傳統排土客土法而言，單純使用植生復育法整治並不一定對環境來的友善，但是若將收穫後之生物量再進一步作為能源使用，植生復育整治技術對於環境造成的衝擊會有所下降，所獲得的環境友善都是正向的，因此，為提升環境品質，維護環境資源，追求永續發展，植生復育法搭配生質物再利用仍是一具有潛力的整治技術。
計畫英文摘要	Phytoremediation utilizes the plant to remove pollutants and is defined by utilizing higher plants to absorb, degrade, transport and accumulate environmental pollutants and/or transformed them into harmless substances. Phytoremediation could be utilized to remediate pollutants in ground, water and air phases. Phytoremediation examples were globally reported, including many plants (e. g. Brassicaceae plants) found able to enrich heavy metals. However, introducing foreign plants would face issues such as adaptabilities toward local environments and raising additional environmental concerns. This project will use indigenous plants for green remediation by using site soil containing Cu, Ni, Cr. Plants with bio-energy raw material supply potentials like switchgrass, miscanthus, rapseed and barnyard grass. After remediation, bioenergy producing potential by harvested plant biomass will also be assessed. This study has been completed Pennisetum, Miscanthus, water and rapeseed barnyard heavy metal contaminated soils nickel, chromium and copper accumulation effect. From the results, water barnyardgrass and rapeseed for the three heavy metals enrichment effect, for the removal of heavy metals in the soil will get good help, but the biological point of view, Pennisetum obtain the maximum biomass, and can be for subsequent reuse. From the current results, Pennisetum maximum biomass obtained, followed by silver grass, water barnyard, rape, and in the environment of heavy metals nickel, Pennisetum explants per square meter, the first harvest can remove 11.99 ~ Nickel 27.30 mg between Miscanthus between 5.26-15.05 mg, water barnyard between 0.40-2.24 mg, cole between 0.13-1.92 mg; chromium in the environment, explants per square Pennisetum meters, a removable copper, between 26.69-53.82 mg Mans dish between 2.10-25.80 mg, water barnyard between 1.01-2.59 mg, cole between 0.83-1.58 mg; in the environment of heavy metals copper under Pennisetum of explants per square meter can be removed between 27.34-92.52 mg copper, silver grass between 5.92-52.66 mg, water barnyard between 0.43-2.26 mg, rapeseed is 0.18-5.10 between, rape and barnyard although water has a more enrichment, but if in order to estimate the biomass, Pennisetum and Miscanthus is a large amount of heavy metals can be removed. Vegetation Restoration Act in the exercise of the extent of ecological damage to the site is now low, as a sustainable way of remediation, but in consideration of the concentration of heavy metal pollution site presence, the more heavily contaminated soil will affect the Vegetation Restoration plants growth and enrichment of the future, the use of conventional passenger geotextile Dumping Act would lower environmental impact, but if contamination is low, the use of plant repopulation impact the aquatic environment caused by the construction method were lower, while the contaminated soil Pollution is also a need to consider the depth of the point, if the pollution situation of contaminated sites contaminated depth, then remove Vegetation Restoration labor law will be limited, because most of the plant roots are not deep, it takes a long time to remove, use environmental impact of traditional dump-off caused by the lower geotextile law; use Vegetation Restoration will consider the amount of transfer coefficient and harvest the plants of factors, in terms of traditional indigenous dump-off Compared to the simple use of Vegetation Restoration Act and Regulation not necessarily friendly to the environment, but after the harvest biomass If further as energy use, Vegetation Restoration Treatment Technology for the environment impact will decline, obtained environmentally friendly are positive, therefore, for the improve environmental quality, safeguard environmental resources, the pursuit of sustainable development, with the Vegetation Restoration Act was re-utilization of biomass is still a potential remediation technologies.