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年度	113	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	整治
申請機構	中原大學	申請系所	環境工程學系
專案主持人	游勝傑	職等/職稱	教授
專案中文名稱	開發低能耗自熱式薄膜蒸餾系統 整治重金屬污染地下水
中文關鍵字	低能耗, 薄膜蒸餾, 地下水整治, 重金屬
專案英文名稱	Develop low-energy self-heating membrane distillation system to control heavy metal contaminated groundwater
英文關鍵字	Low energy consumption, membrane distillation, Groundwater remediationnt, heavy metal
執行金額
執行期間	2024/11/1 至 2025/11/30
計畫中文摘要	地下水受重金屬污染，特別是來自電鍍工業的鉻污染，對環境和健康構成嚴重挑戰，需要可持續且低能耗的處理方案。本研究報導了一種用於膜蒸餾（MD）的光熱Fe₃O₄@C/PPy-PVDF/PDMS複合膜的開發，針對含鉻污染地下水的修復。Fe₃O₄@C奈米粒子採用核殼結構，通過水熱法合成，提供增強的表面積和穩定性，而電紡絲技術將Fe₃O₄@C和聚吡咯（PPy）嵌入PVDF/PDMS基材中。所得膜呈現纖維狀互連形態、均勻的奈米粒子分佈以及可調的疏水-親水平衡。膜表徵確認PDMS增強了疏水性（接觸角>120°），而Fe₃O₄@C/PPy賦予強光吸收和局部加熱能力。SEM、TEM和EDS分析驗證了奈米粒子的均勻嵌入，AFM顯示奈米材料負載調控了表面粗糙度。在模擬太陽輻照下的光熱測試顯示，相較於純PVDF膜，水蒸發和表面加熱顯著改善。優化的膜在一太陽輻照下可快速加熱至70°C，在5太陽輻照下達114°C，且體熱損失極小。最佳性能膜（Fe₃O₄@C:PPy=2:3，M14）在合成鹽水進料下實現0.96 kg m⁻² h⁻¹的通量和60.1%的太陽能轉換效率，超越許多報導的PMD膜。在地下水試驗中，該膜對鉻及共存金屬的去除率超過95%，並顯著降低了化學需氧量（COD）和濁度。結合微濾和吸附預處理的混合系統進一步提高了通量和能源效率，相較於單獨PMD系統性能翻倍，同時保持高去除率。通量隨進料溫度升高而增加，且不影響水質。這些發現突顯了Fe₃O₄@C/PPy-PVDF/PDMS膜在太陽能驅動、低能耗地下水修復中的潛力，提供高污染物去除率和改善的水生產效率。 關鍵詞：鉻（Cr）、重金屬、光熱膜蒸餾、Fe₃O₄@C/PPy、地下水修復
計畫英文摘要	Groundwater contamination by heavy metals, particularly chromium from electroplating industries, presents severe environmental and health challenges, requiring sustainable and low-energy treatment solutions. This study reports the development of a photothermal Fe3O4@C/PPy-PVDF/PDMS composite membrane for membrane distillation (MD) aimed at chromium-contaminated groundwater remediation. Fe3O4@C nanoparticles with a core–shell structure were synthesized via hydrothermal processing, providing enhanced surface area and stability, while electrospinning embedded Fe3O4@C and polypyrrole (PPy) into a PVDF/PDMS substrate. The resulting membranes exhibited a fibrous interconnected morphology, uniform nanoparticle distribution, and tunable hydrophobic–hydrophilic balance. Membrane characterization confirmed that PDMS enhanced hydrophobicity (WCA > 120°), while Fe3O4@C/PPy imparted strong light absorption and localized heating. SEM, TEM, and EDS analyses verified uniform nanoparticle embedding, and AFM indicated surface roughness modulation by nanomaterial loading. Photothermal testing under simulated solar irradiation demonstrated significant improvements in water evaporation and surface heating compared with pristine PVDF membranes. Optimized membranes achieved rapid surface heating to 70 °C under one sun and 114 °C under 5 sun irradiations, with minimal bulk heating losses. The best-performing membrane (Fe3O4@C:PPy = 2:3, M14) achieved a flux of 0.96 kg m-2 h-1 and 60.1% solar conversion efficiency under synthetic saline feed, surpassing many reported PMD membranes. In groundwater trials, the membranes rejected over 95% of chromium and coexisting metals and significantly reduced COD and turbidity. Hybrid systems integrating microfiltration and adsorption pretreatments further enhanced flux and energy efficiency, doubling performance compared to standalone PMD, while maintaining high rejection. Flux increased with feed temperature without compromising water quality. These findings highlight the potential of Fe3O4@C/PPy-PVDF/PDMS membranes for solar-driven, low-energy groundwater remediation, offering high contaminant removal and improved water productivity. Keywords: Chromium (Cr), Heavy Metal, Photothermal Membrane Distillation, Fe₃O₄@C/PPy, Groundwater Remediation