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年度	113	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	整治
申請機構	中臺科技大學	申請系所	環境與安全衛生工程系
專案主持人	徐一量	職等/職稱	副教授
專案中文名稱	物理分離及熱程序於油污染土壤處理之應用
中文關鍵字	物理分離,熱程序,油污染土壤
專案英文名稱	Physical separation and thermal treatment for oil-contaminated soil
英文關鍵字	physical separation, thermal treatment, oil-contaminated soil
執行金額	900,000元
執行期間	2024/11/1 至 2025/11/30
計畫中文摘要	有別於傳統水力漩流分離（Hydrocyclone），本年度研究結合乾式物理衝擊撞散油污染團聚顆粒，再以旋風分離(Cyclone)分開粗細顆粒。隨後粗顆粒部分，預期含總碳氫化合物(Total Petroleum Hydrobon, TPH)濃度較低，建議可以生物復育法處理(未規劃在今年度研究範疇)；細顆粒預期含TPH濃度較高，後續以熱處理法進行熱脫附/熱裂解破壞去除，試驗條件將控制含氧/缺氧氣氛、熱處理溫度有效達成污染物去除、污染物熱脫附或熱裂解產生可燃氣體再利用目標。此外，本研究乾式物理衝擊、旋風分離搭配熱處理不須水當顆粒分散介質，將大量減少熱處理於水分蒸發之能源消耗，對於(1)整體處理程序水資源減少消耗、(2)熱處理程序能源減少使用、(3)排氣體積，具極佳之水資源節用、廢氣減排及減低碳排效果。 研究結果顯示，第一次採樣之油污染土壤屬中性，pH 6.82〜6.84。經0.2 m/s、0.3 m/s流速分離，overflow/underflow分離效果均不佳。第二次採樣之油污染土壤屬中性，pH 7.08〜7.16。乾篩土壤粒徑分析結果與雷射粒徑分析結果有差異，呈現粗顆粒(>150 μm)在乾篩分析中看起來較多之現象，多達94.3%〜95.6%。而由雷射粒徑分析結果來看，粗顆粒(>150 μm)在72.6%〜75.4%。第二次採樣之油污染以0.3 m/s流速分離，其overflow:underflow土壤質量=11.0:89.0。經雷射粒徑分析，其結果為overflow中主要以細顆粒為主，99.0%顆粒粒徑均在100μm以下，d50為7.8μm；underflow中(以粗顆粒為主)，13.4%顆粒在100μm以下、86.6%在100μm以上，d50為249.2μm，分離效果佳。 熱程序處理方面，以油污染土壤（TPH = 3,150 mg/kg）進行高溫裂解，結果顯示裂解後土壤之 TPH 濃度降至 291 mg/kg，去除率達 90.8%，已符合《土壤污染管制標準》限值（TPH ≤ 1,000 mg/kg）。裂解過程中可燃氣體主要成分為 CO、CH₄ 與 CmHn，其低位發熱量（LHV）約 14.33 kcal/Nm³，具能源回收潛力。 經由乾式物理分離與熱程序結合，本研究展現顯著的節水與減碳效益。乾式系統不需以水為分散介質，免除廢水處理與脫水能耗，每噸污染土壤可節水約 5 m³，相較濕式系統減少用電，減少約65%碳排放量。綜合而言，本研究之「乾式物理分離搭配熱裂解處理」技術可有效降低能源與水資源消耗，達成油污染物去除與可燃氣體再利用雙重目標，並具良好之經濟性與永續環境效益。
計畫英文摘要	In this work, we combine physical impact to break up the oil-contaminated agglomerated particles, and then uses cyclone separation to separate the coarse and fine particles. Subsequently, the coarse particles which expected with lower Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration is recommended to be treated by phytoremediation (it will not be studied in this year’s research). The fine particles which be expected to have a higher TPH concentration, and will be treated with thermal treatment. The thermal treatment may apply thermal desorption/thermal pyrolysis. The test conditions will control the oxygen-contained atmosphere and the treatment processes temperature to achieve the goals of meeting the regulation of Taiwan soil pollution control standards as TPH concentration below 1,000 mg/kg. In addition, the water is not be required as the particle dispersion medium in this work, which will greatly reduce the energy consumption of water evaporation in thermal treatment. Hence, the advantages are, (1) reduce the consumption of water resources in the overall treatment process, and (2) reduce the energy consumption in the thermal treatment process and (3) reduce the exhaust volume of thermal treatment. It is expected to have excellent water conservation, waste exhaust emission reduction and carbon emission reduction benefits. The results indicate that the oil-contaminated soil from the first sampling was neutral, with a pH ranging from 6.82 to 6.84. Separation at flow rates of 0.2 m/s and 0.3 m/s yielded poor overflow/underflow separation performance. The oil-contaminated soil from the second sampling was also neutral, with a pH ranging from 7.08 to 7.16. A discrepancy was observed between the results of dry sieving and laser particle size analysis, with dry sieving indicating a higher proportion of coarse particles (>150 μm), accounting for as much as 94.3% to 95.6%. In contrast, laser diffraction analysis showed the proportion of coarse particles (>150 μm) to be 72.6% to 75.4%. In the second sampling, separation at a flow rate of 0.3 m/s resulted in an overflow-to-underflow soil mass ratio of 11.0:89.0. Laser particle size analysis revealed that the overflow fraction mainly consisted of fine particles, with 99.0% of particles below 100 μm and a median diameter (d50) of 7.8 μm. In the underflow fraction, which primarily consisted of coarse particles, 13.4% of the particles were below 100 μm and 86.6% were above 100 μm, with a d50 of 249.2 μm, indicating good separation performance. The oil-contaminated soil with a total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration of 3,150 mg/kg was treated using a high-temperature pyrolysis process. The results showed that the post-pyrolysis TPH concentration in the soil decreased to 291 mg/kg, achieving a removal efficiency of 90.8%, which meets the regulatory limit set by the Soil Pollution Control Standards (TPH ≤ 1,000 mg/kg). The combustible gases generated during pyrolysis were mainly composed of CO, CH₄, and CmHn, with a lower heating value (LHV) of approximately 14.33 kcal/Nm³, indicating significant potential for energy recovery. By integrating physical separation with thermal pyrolysis, this study demonstrated remarkable water-saving and carbon-reduction benefits. The dry system requires no water as a dispersion medium, thereby eliminating wastewater treatment and dewatering energy consumption. For each ton of contaminated soil treated, approximately 5 m³ of water can be saved, while carbon emissions are reduced by about 65% compared with conventional wet systems. Overall, the proposed physical separation coupled with thermal pyrolysis technology effectively reduces both energy and water consumption, achieving the dual goals of pollutant removal and combustible gas reutilization. This approach offers strong economic feasibility and sustainable environmental advantages, providing a practical solution for the remediation and resource recovery of oil-contaminated soils.