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年度	113	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	整治
申請機構	國立臺灣大學	申請系所	農業化學系
專案主持人	施養信	職等/職稱	教授
專案中文名稱	聯合植生復育及生物碳研發新穎整治多溴二苯醚汙染場址土壤之綠色技術
中文關鍵字	植生復育、生物碳、多溴二苯醚
專案英文名稱	Innovative Approach Combining Phytoremediation and Biochar for Remediation of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether-Contaminated Soil
英文關鍵字	Phytoremediation, Biochar, Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether
執行金額	770,000元
執行期間	2024/12/15 至 2025/11/30
計畫中文摘要	多溴二苯醚 (polybrominated diphenylethers, PBDEs) 是一種溴化阻燃劑，常用於家用與工業產品中。然而斯德哥爾摩公約已將PBDEs 列為持久性有機污染物(persistent organic pollutants, POPs)，這些化合物不僅對環境有害，近年來更有許多文獻證實PBDEs 對人體等具有危害性與致癌性。根據102 年農委會委託本實驗室之計畫成果發現，在我國桃園地區部分農作物中檢測出PBDEs 之污染，並在部分使用十溴二苯醚 (decabrominated diphenyl ether, DBDE) 之工廠附近土壤進行調查後檢測出PBDEs。後續於本實驗室近年之農作物吸收污染物的試驗中發現，PBDEs 可能會藉由根部吸收方式傳輸至食用部位，先前對桃園地區高濃度PBDEs污染土壤的調查亦顯示該污染有向下移動之趨勢，且工廠周圍有國小、農田以及住家等，顯示土壤中的PBDEs 污染問題亟需解決。 本團隊已針對土壤中的有機污染物陸續開發出不同的整治方法，由於淨零減碳之急迫性，本年度期許利用植生復育輔以生物碳整治方法，不但可以整治復育受污染的土壤，減少碳排放，也可以藉由土壤儲存碳增加的行為，進而達到淨零減碳與土壤碳增匯的目標。本研究旨在探討不同植物對 PBDEs 之吸收與復育潛 力，並評估生物碳對污染土壤植生復育與碳匯效應之影響。於樣品前處理方面，本團隊建立並確效液相、植物與土壤樣品之 PBDEs 萃取方法，結果顯示以渦旋震盪20 分鐘可獲得優異回收率。植物吸收試驗結果顯示，冬瓜與南瓜於水耕條件下具較高DBDE 吸收能力，惟生長受限；土壤盆栽試驗中，小黃瓜與南瓜吸收效率較佳，其中南瓜兼具良好生長性與高污染物去除能力，故選定為後續研究之代表植物。後續於植物與生物碳整治試驗中，施用1%生物碳後，南瓜植體中DBDE濃度降低，顯示生物碳可降低污染物之生物有效性；且植株生質量提升，顯示其有助於增進植生復育之穩定性。而施用生物碳後，土壤酸鹼值與氧化還原電位未顯著變化，顯示試驗過程中生物碳對土壤環境無不良影響。此外，生物碳處理組 土壤有機碳含量明顯提升，顯示其具潛在碳匯效益。稻稈與木材生物碳皆於試驗尺度下具有碳儲存潛力，但於12 個月後出現下降，推測部分生物碳發生降解或轉化。整體而言，本研究證實植物與生物碳結合應用之策略可整治土壤中之PBDEs，且兼具環境友善與碳儲潛力，對污染場址之綠色整治與碳管理具重要參考價值。
計畫英文摘要	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are brominated flame retardants widely used in household and industrial products and have been listed as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) under the Stockholm Convention due to their environmental persistence and toxicity. Previous investigations in Taiwan have detected PBDE contamination in agricultural soils and crops, particularly near factories using decabrominated diphenyl ether (DBDE). Experimental evidence further indicates that PBDEs can be absorbed by plant roots and translocated to edible tissues, posing potential risks to surrounding farmlands, residential areas, and schools. In response to the urgent need for green remediation and net-zero carbon strategies, this study integrates phytoremediation with biochar amendment to remediate PBDE-contaminated soils while enhancing soil carbon sequestration. The objectives were to evaluate PBDE uptake by different plant species and to assess the effects of biochar on contaminant bioavailability, plant growth, and soil carbon storage. Validated extraction methods for PBDEs in aqueous, soil, and plant matrices were established, achieving high recovery using vortex-assisted extraction. Hydroponic experiments showed that white gourd and pumpkin exhibited relatively high DBDE uptake but limited growth. In soil pot experiments, pumpkin demonstrated both favorable growth and high removal efficiency and was therefore selected as the representative species. Application of 1% biochar significantly reduced DBDE concentrations in plant tissues, indicating decreased bioavailability, while enhancing plant biomass. Biochar amendment did not significantly alter soil pH or redox potential but substantially increased soil organic carbon content, suggesting carbon sequestration potential. Although both rice straw- and wood-derived biochars enhanced soil carbon storage, a decline was observed after 12 months, likely due to partial degradation or transformation. Overall, the combined application of phytoremediation and biochar represents an effective and environmentally friendly strategy for remediating PBDE-contaminated soils while providing co-benefits for soil carbon management.