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年度	113	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	整治
申請機構	國立中正大學	申請系所	地球與環境科學系
專案主持人	許昺慕	職等/職稱	特聘教授
專案中文名稱	以嗜甲烷菌和硫酸鹽還原菌群微生物燃料電池系統強化三氯乙烯污染地下水生物復育技術之研發
中文關鍵字	微生物燃料電池, 生物刺激, 泥火山, 微生物菌群, 三氯乙烯
專案英文名稱	Leveraging Methane Oxidation Through Interactions Between Methanotrophs and Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in MFC Systems for Enhanced Bioremediation of TCE-Contaminated Groundwater
英文關鍵字	Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC), Biostimulation, Mud Volcanoes, Microbiota, Trichloroethylene (TCE)
執行金額	828,805元
執行期間	2024/12/1 至 2025/11/30
計畫中文摘要	三氯乙烯（Trichloroethylene, TCE）為一種源自工業及商業活動的持久性地下水污染物，對環境與人類健康皆構成嚴重威脅。利用厭氧環境下的微生物群集進行生物修復，能透過還原脫氯作用有效降解TCE，具有成本低廉且環境友善的優勢。然而，甲烷生成作用（methanogenesis）常與脫氯菌競爭氫氣這一關鍵電子供體，進而限制脫氯過程之效率。本研究構建了管狀微生物燃料電池（Tubular Microbial Fuel Cells, TMFCs），藉由評估結合泥火山微生物群集、生物炭（biochar）、以及硫化修飾奈米零價鐵（sulfide-modified nano–zero-valent iron, S-nZVI）等不同組合之抑制電子競爭途徑、強化氫循環、並加速TCE之脫氯反應。在實驗室規模試驗中，MB組(火山泥+生物炭)展現最高且穩定的電壓輸出（0.30–0.45 V），同時達到最快速的TCE去除效果，僅產生短暫且低濃度的cis-DCE與VC中間產物。MBZ組(火山泥+生物炭+零價鐵)維持次高電壓（0.25–0.35 V），並於第45天時幾乎完全去除TCE，其中間產物雖出現延遲，但隨後明顯下降。微生物群落與功能基因分析顯示，MB系統中富集了平衡的I型與II型甲烷氧化菌群，以Methylomonas methanica與Methylocystis parvus為主，同時伴隨具導電活性的Geobacter psychrophilus與硫呼吸菌Desulfuromonas acetexigens。在功能基因層面，MB系統於陽極區域顯示出mmoX、hydA與dsrA基因拷貝數較高，且於第15日至第45日期間在陰極富集大量還原脫鹵酶相關基因vcrA、bvcA與rdhA。相對地，甲烷生成指標基因mcrA在MB與MBZ中均顯著抑制，與其脫氯效能之提升趨勢相符。於現地規模階段，MBZI系統(火山泥+生物炭+零價鐵)較MBI系統(火山泥+生物炭)展現更持久之還原環境，其陰極氧化還原電位（ORP）可維持於−254 mV，電壓穩定於0.30–0.40 V之間。TCE與cis-DCE於第3至第4月（M3–M4）即降至接近或低於檢出極限，而VC則於第5月（M5）完全消失。MBZI系統之陽極hydA基因濃度可達10⁶ copies mL⁻¹等級，陰極vcrA與bvcA則分別富集至1.34×10⁹與2.52×10⁸ copies mL⁻¹，同時mcrA基因呈下降趨勢。綜合實驗室與現地規模之結果可知，藉由導入泥火山來源之微生物群集並結合協同修飾物的TMFC系統，能有效抑制電子競爭微生物、強化氫相關代謝途徑，並達成完整且具現場應用潛力之TCE還原脫氯。
計畫英文摘要	Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a persistent groundwater contaminant resulting from industrial and commercial activities, posing significant environmental and health hazards. Anaerobic bioremediation using microbial consortia offers a cost-effective and eco-friendly approach to degrade TCE through reductive dechlorination. However, methanogenesis often competes for hydrogen, a key electron donor for dechlorinating bacteria, limiting the effectiveness of this process. We configured tubular microbial fuel cells (TMFCs) with mud-volcano consortia, biochar, and sulfide-modified nano–zero-valent iron in different combinations to suppress electron-competing pathways, enhance hydrogen cycling, and accelerate dechlorination. At the lab scale, MB sustained the highest voltage production (0.30–0.45 V) and achieved the fastest TCE removal with only transient and low cis-DCE and VC. MBZ sustained the second highest voltage (0.25–0.35 V) and reached near-complete TCE removal by Day 45 with a delayed but declining pool of intermediates. Microbial and functional profiling revealed that MB enriched a balanced Type I/II methanotrophic guild dominated by Methylomonas methanica and Methylocystis parvus, together with electroactive Geobacter psychrophilus and the sulfur-respiring Desulfuromonas acetexigens. MB also showed higher copy numbers of mmoX, hydA, and dsrA, at anode and strong enrichment of reductive dehalogenase genes vcrA, bvcA, and rdhA at cathode from Day 15 to Day 45. The methanogenesis marker mcrA was suppressed in MB and MBZ consistent with inferior dechlorination under these amendments. At the pilot scale, MBZI established more persistent reducing conditions than MBI, sustaining cathode ORP to −254 mV and a stable voltage near 0.30–0.40 V. TCE and cis-DCE declined to near or below detection by M3–M4, and VC reached non-detect by M5. MBZI maintained higher anode hydA on the order of 10^6 copies mL⁻¹ and showed strong cathode enrichment of vcrA up to 1.34 × 10^9 copies mL⁻¹ and bvcA up to 2.52 × 10^8 copies mL⁻¹, while mcrA decreased. Together, the lab- and field-scale results show that TMFCs leveraging mud-volcano microbiota and complementary amendments suppress electron competitors, reinforce hydrogen-linked metabolisms, and achieve complete and field-relevant TCE dechlorination.