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年度	113	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	先導專案	研究主題	整治
申請機構	東吳大學	申請系所	微生物學系
專案主持人	張怡塘	職等/職稱	教授
專案中文名稱	應用生物固定化顆粒加速受柴油污染土壤之生物復育
中文關鍵字	離場處理,生物強化法,生物固定化技術,天然聚合物,生物固定化顆粒
專案英文名稱	Application of bioimmobilized beads to accelerate diesel-contaminated soil bioremediation
英文關鍵字	ex-situ bioremediation,bioaugmentation,bioimmbolized technology,natural polymers,immobilized beads
執行金額	400,000元
執行期間	2025/1/1 至 2025/12/31
計畫中文摘要	國內離場處理受油品污染土壤經常使用生物堆、土耕法等生物復育技術。這類方法處理過程其營養物質經常受限，使微生物生存及活性受到限制，造成處理過程菌量偏低，總石油碳氫化合物(total petroleum hydrocarbons, TPH)之降解速度緩慢。固定化微生物顆粒是將微生物細胞限制在固定空間，將微生物包覆於擔體內對TPH進行代謝作用。本專案開添加受TPH污染土壤之生物固定化顆粒，顆粒中包埋TPH分解菌，並於整治過程持續釋放，加速處理受TPH污染土壤。添加之顆粒材料崩解後不僅無毒性，還能改善土壤品質，增加其生物多樣性，有助整治完成後土壤之再利用。 實驗首先馴養TPH分解菌，並選用不同天然聚合物: 海藻酸鈉(Sodium alginate, SA)及幾丁聚醣(chitosan, CS)作為生物固定化顆粒材料，評估不同粒徑顆粒之機械耐受力及菌體釋放速率。實驗結果可知含菌之2.0% (w/v) SA-beads及1.5%(w/v) CS-beads之機械耐受力及菌體釋放速率最佳。接著將含菌顆粒添加於受TPH污染之土壤/水系統中進行批次實驗，顯示添加顆粒能提高系統中TPH之處理效率，比較TPH擬一階降解速率(Pseudo-first-rate order rate)為添加 2.0% (w/v) SA-beads (0.0044 hr⁻¹, r²=0.9565) > 添加1.5%(w/v) CS-beads (0.003 hr⁻¹, r²=0.9686) > 生物強化及生物刺激組 (0.003 hr⁻¹, r²=0.8834) > 生物刺激組 (0.002 hr⁻¹, r²=0.9254)。TPH之礦化能力可達98%，總菌數與TPH分解菌均明顯增加。實驗中並發現Acinetobacter spp.、Caulobacter spp.、Paenibacillus spp.、Variovorax spp. 與 Rhodococcus spp.等微生物菌群為主要優勢菌群，能表現降解碳氫化合物能力及生成生物界面活性劑等功能，提高污染土壤/水系統中TPH生物復育能力。研究並發現海藻酸鈉、幾丁聚醣顆粒崩解後可增加土壤有機質、還能促進植物生長，改善處理後土壤之品質。本專案開發添加生物固定化顆粒有效提高處理油品污染土壤之新技術，也提供有效利用整治後土壤之新選擇。
計畫英文摘要	Strategies of bioaugmentation are generally applied to enhance the efficiency of ex-situ bioremediation for oil-contaminated soil and groundwater. The growth of oil-biodegrading bacteria is often inhibited by nutrient limitation, which causes low microbial activity and slow biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH). This study develops a novel approach for using bioimmobilized beads to enhance TPH biodegradation in the soil/water system. TPH-biodegrading bacteria were incubated and encapsulated to form bioimmobilized particles by two natural polymers-sodium alginate (SA) and chitosan (CS). The optimal performance of mechanical tolerance and microbial release rates is bioimmobilized 2.0% (w/v) SA-beads and 1.5% (w/v) CS-beads. Batch experiments in bioremediating TPH-contaminated soil/water systems show that the addition of bioimmobilized beads significantly improved the TPH biodegradation efficiency. Pseudo-first-order degradation rates highest for 2.0% SA-beads (0.0044 hr⁻¹, r²=0.9565), followed by 1.5% CS-beads (0.003 hr⁻¹,r²=0.9686), both bioaugment/biostimulation (0.003 hr⁻¹, r²=0.8834) and biostimulation (0.002 hr⁻¹, r²=0.9254). TPH mineralization can reach 98% in the soil/water system. Total bacterial numbers and TPH-biodegrading bacteria are continuously increasing during experiments. Genus Acinetobacter, Caulobacter, Paenibacillus, Variovorax, and Rhodococcus are dominant, which can enhance the ability of TPH biodegradation and the biosurfactant production. Additionally, the remaining SA and CS beads can contribute to increasing soil organic matter, improving plant growth, and improving the treated soil quality. This study successfully developed the bioimmobilization strategy for TPH bioremediation and provided sustainable reuse of treated soils.