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年度	113	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	整治
申請機構	國立中央大學	申請系所	生命科學系所
專案主持人	陳師慶	職等/職稱	教授
專案中文名稱	亞鐵化學藥劑結合生物加強技術整治高濃度硫酸鹽與含氯有機物污染場址地下水
中文關鍵字	化學整治, 生物整治, 亞鐵藥劑, 含氯有機物, 生物加強法
專案英文名稱	The Remediation of Groundwater Contaminated with High Concentrations of Sulfates and Chloroethenes Using Ferrous-Based Chemical Agents Combined with Bioaugmentation Technology
英文關鍵字	Chemical remediation, Bioremediation, Ferrous, Organic halide, Bioaugmentation
執行金額
執行期間	2024/12/1 至 2025/11/30
計畫中文摘要	含氯有機物（如三氯乙烯，TCE）是一類高度難降解的環境污染物，經常於臺灣地下水中檢出，且其整治具顯著挑戰性。目前，國內受污染場址的解列率低於20%。且隨著近年工業活動的不當排放，尤其是在化石燃料使用、採礦及金屬加工等領域，硫酸鹽堆積污染問題日益加劇。在許多工業化國家，TCE 污染場址往往伴隨高濃度的硫酸鹽，該濃度範圍自 0.2 mM 至 30 mM 不等。儘管如此，硫酸鹽對 TCE 降解過程的直接影響在過去的研究中仍未明確被界定，導致此類污染共存問題在整治策略中易被忽視。本計畫提出結合亞鐵藥劑與生物菌劑的整治策略，以解決 TCE 與硫酸鹽共存污染的問題。該策略不僅能有效降低硫化氫對脫鹵球菌的抑制作用，亦能促進硫化亞鐵（FeS）的生成，藉由亞鐵藥劑的輔助，整合生物與非生物途徑以提升 TCE 的降解效率。研究顯示，硫化氫對臺灣本土脫鹵球菌降解 TCE 的抑制作用遠高於硫酸鹽，當濃度達 5 mM 時，TCE 脫解速率由 6.84 μmol/day 降至 1.25 μmol/day。添加亞鐵藥劑後可移除 96% 硫化氫，使脫鹵球菌菌數由 5.06 × 10⁶ copies/mL 增加至 1.03 × 10⁸ copies/mL，TCE 可完全降解為乙烯。轉錄體分析顯示，脫氯相關基因 vcrA、omeA 及 hupX 表現顯著上升，硫酸還原菌相關基因 sulP 與 qmoC 亦同步提升，顯示 FeS 的生成不僅可消除硫化氫抑制，且有助於維持硫酸還原功能，進一步增強整治效率。菌相分析顯示，亞鐵藥劑添加除提升脫鹵球菌與硫酸還原菌相對豐度外，亦促進發酵菌群增加，進一步提供脫氯與還原反應所需電子供體，加速污染物去除。整體而言，此整治策略結合生物與非生物作用，可提升處理效率、縮短期程，並降低化學藥劑引發的二次污染風險，具場域應用潛力與可持續修復價值。該方法在未來具有廣泛應用前景，將有助於污染場址的可持續性修復，並為解決類似環境問題提供重要參考。
計畫英文摘要	Chlorinated organic compounds, such as trichloroethylene (TCE), are a class of highly recalcitrant environmental pollutants, frequently detected in Taiwan's groundwater and posing significant remediation challenges. Currently, the deregulation rate of contaminated sites in the country is less than 20%. In recent years, improper discharges from industrial activities, particularly in fossil fuel usage, mining, and metal processing, have exacerbated the issue of sulfate accumulation. Notably, in many industrialized nations, TCE-contaminated sites are often associated with high concentrations of sulfate, with levels ranging from 0.2 mM to 30 mM. However, the direct effects of sulfate on the TCE degradation process remain unclear in past studies, leading to the frequent neglect of such coexisting pollution problems in remediation strategies. To address these challenges, this project proposes an innovative remediation strategy that combines ferrous agents with bio-agents to simultaneously tackle the co-contamination of sulfate and TCE. This approach not only effectively reduces the inhibitory effects of hydrogen sulfide on dehalococcoides but also promotes the formation of iron sulfide (FeS), thereby enhancing the abiotic degradation of TCE. Results showed that hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), a product of sulfate reduction, strongly inhibits Dehalococcoides. At 5 mM H₂S, TCE degradation dropped from 6.84 to 1.25 μmol/day. With ferrous addition, 96% of H₂S was removed, Dehalococcoides cell numbers increased from 5.06 × 10⁶ to 1.03 × 10⁸ copies/mL, and TCE was completely dechlorinated to ethene. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant upregulation of dechlorination genes (vcrA, omeA, hupX) and sulfate reduction genes (sulP, qmoC), suggesting that FeS formation alleviated H₂S toxicity while enhancing sulfate-reducing activity. Microbial analysis showed Dehalococcoides relative abundance reached 13.90% in the FeS group on day 20, compared to 4.32% in the sulfate group. Fermentative bacteria also increased, providing electron donors that further supported dechlorination. This biotic–abiotic strategy improves remediation efficiency, shortens treatment time, and reduces the risk of secondary pollution, offering strong potential for field application and sustainable groundwater restoration.