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年度	111	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	整治
申請機構	國立中山大學	申請系所	環境工程研究所
專案主持人	彭彥彬	職等/職稱	副教授
專案中文名稱	以綠色溶劑萃取土壤中總石油碳氫化合物之研究
中文關鍵字	柴油, 綠色溶劑, 萃取
專案英文名稱	Study of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Extraction by Green Solvent
英文關鍵字	Diesel, Green solvent, extraction
執行金額	779,407元
執行期間	2022/7/1 至 2023/6/30
計畫中文摘要	我國土壤中TPH檢測標準方法為NIEA S703.62B，土壤中總石油碳氫化合物檢測方法－氣相層析儀/火焰離子化偵測器法，總石油碳氫化合物(Total petroleum hydrocarbons，TPH)為土壤中常見的有機污染物，柴油為其主要的來源。二氯甲烷(methylene chloride)常用作分析 TPH 之萃取溶劑，然而二氯甲烷為管制毒化物，因此本研究嘗試探究如何在受柴油污染的土壤中，應用田口實驗法於不同的TPH前處理萃取流程，選定L18直交表與離心、溶劑種類、溶劑濃度、溶劑量、土壤含水率、vortex震盪時間以及圓周式震盪器震盪時間等八個控制因子，以田口實驗分法設計計算出TPH萃取效率之最佳化參數組合。 本研究採集四種土壤，使用比重計法分析土壤質地，計算出四種土壤之粒徑組成百分比，並藉由質地三角圖推得兩種土壤為砂質壤土(砂粒56%、坋粒36%及黏粒8%)、壤質砂土(砂粒81%、坋粒10%及黏粒9%)、砂質土(砂粒90%、坋粒4%及黏粒6%)和黏質土(砂粒30%、坋粒18%及黏粒52%)。將此四種土壤與柴油混拌配製，分別進行以二氯甲烷為溶劑之原始萃取前處理流程，以及利用田口式實驗法設計之實驗流程，將實驗結果以原始流程做為基準計算TPH萃取回收率最佳水準條件組合之實驗結果中，砂質壤土的萃取回收率最高為104.1%，壤質砂土最高為100.5%，砂質土最高為 118.2%，黏質土最高為 117.5%，經由最佳化實驗之結果可得到使用綠色溶劑可以替代傳統溶劑來達到較高之萃取效率，採用乳酸乙酯為環境友善之溶劑，可減少傳統檢測方式產生之溶劑污染，落實我國綠色化學之標的。
計畫英文摘要	The standard method for Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) detection in soil in our country is NIEA S703.62B, which employs gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. TPH is a common organic pollutant found in soil, with diesel being its main source. Methylene chloride is commonly used as the extraction solvent for TPH analysis. However, it is a regulated toxic substance. Therefore, this study aims to explore the application of the Taguchi experimental method in different TPH pretreatment extraction processes in diesel-contaminated soil. The L18 orthogonal array was selected, and eight control factors were chosen, including centrifugation, solvent type, solvent concentration, solvent volume, soil moisture content, vortex shaking time, and orbital shaker shaking time. The Taguchi experimental design was used to calculate the optimal parameter combination for TPH extraction efficiency. Four types of soil samples were collected, and the soil texture was analyzed using a specific gravity method. The particle size composition percentages of the four soil types were calculated, and the soil texture triangle was used to determine that two types of soil were sandy loam (56% sand, 36% silt, and 8% clay), loamy sand (81% sand, 10% silt, and 9% clay), sandy soil (90% sand, 4% silt, and 6% clay), and clayey soil (30% sand, 18% silt, and 52% clay). These four soil types were mixed with diesel, and both the original extraction pretreatment process using methylene chloride as the solvent and the experimental process designed using the Taguchi method were conducted. The results were compared to the baseline of the original process to calculate the experimental results for the optimal conditions of TPH extraction recovery. The highest extraction recovery rates were 104.1% for sandy loam, 100.5% for loamy sand, 118.2% for sandy soil, and 117.5% for clayey soil. The results of the optimization experiment indicate that using a green solvent can replace traditional solvents to achieve higher extraction efficiency. Ethyl lactate was identified as an environmentally friendly solvent, which can reduce solvent contamination resulting from traditional detection methods, promoting the goal of green chemistry in our country.