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年度	105	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	整治
申請機構	國立臺灣大學	申請系所	生物能源研究中心
專案主持人	柯淳涵	職等/職稱	比照簡任第13職等/教授
專案中文名稱	以生物界面活性劑進行土壤淋洗促進植生復育重金屬污染土壤評估
中文關鍵字	植生復育、皂素、土壤淋洗、植物整治
專案英文名稱	Bio-surfactant soil washing enhancing phytoremediation for heavy metal polluted soils
英文關鍵字	phytoremediation, saponin, soil washing, green remediation
執行金額	860,000元
執行期間	2015/11/17 至 2016/11/16
計畫中文摘要	植生復育(Phytoremediation)是利用植物來移除污染物的技術。因此本計畫擬利用本土種植物進行綠色整治試驗研究，以取得現地已污染含有重金屬鎘、鉻、銅的土壤作為植物種植的介質來源，目前規畫以本土常見與具有能源潛力作物，如狼尾草、台灣藜、肥皂草進行重金屬吸附試驗，待植物收成後除移除，亦可能作為生質能源作物料源來源。另因肥皂草含有大量的皂素(Saponin)成分，為生物界面活性劑，本研究利用利其所含有羧基與金屬結合的能力來對土壤中重金屬進行吸附，將皂素溶液對於土壤進行淋洗，藉此提高植生復育的重金屬吸附量，並於生物可分解淋洗螯合劑EDDS及傳統淋洗螯合劑EDTA進行比較。 從目前來看狼尾草所獲得的生物量最大，其次為台灣藜及肥皂草，以EDTA、EDDS及皂素為淋洗液的環境下，EDTA及EDDS對於生物量的減少較為明顯，皂素則對於生物量的影響較小。 而以EDTA、EDDS及皂素為淋洗液的環境下，狼尾草植體重金屬銅的濃度，分別為100.9 mg/kg、117.8 mg/kg及32.7 mg/kg，台灣藜植體重金屬銅的濃度分別為761.0 mg/kg、891.5 mg/kg及461.5 mg/kg，肥皂草植體重金屬銅的濃度分別為294.5 mg/kg、281.6 mg/kg及128.4 mg/kg，顯示以EDDS為淋洗液，所獲得的植體重金屬吸收較EDTA來的好，比皂素的影響來的高。狼尾草在EDDS的環境下，所能移除的重金屬Cu移除量最多，每m2可移除約112.2~142.3 mg的Cu，在EDTA的環境下每m2可移除約42.6~67.9 mg的Cu，在皂素的環境下每m2可移除約43.2~64.9 mg的Cu。台灣藜在EDDS的環境下，所能移除的重金屬Cu移除量最多，每m2可移除約36.1~40.5 mg的Cu，在EDTA的環境下每m2可移除約5.1~18.7 mg的Cu，在皂素的環境下每m2可移除約13.1~17.5 mg的Cu。肥皂草在EDTA的環境下，所能移除的重金屬Cu移除量最多，每m2可移除約30.9~40.7 mg的Cu，在EDDS的環境下每m2可移除約27.3~34.7 mg的Cu，在皂素的環境下每m2可移除約21.3~30.5 mg的Cu。皂素的淋洗液可被生物降解，不會對於環境造成二次污染。植生復育若搭配淋洗做為灌溉用水，將有助於植體吸收重金屬的增加，若能再搭配耐酸性環境下植體作物，將可提升植體吸將重金屬的效率。
計畫英文摘要	Phytoremediation technology is the use of plants to remove contaminants. Therefore, this project intends to use the native species of green Experimental Study on Regulation in order to achieve now be contaminated energy potential crops contain heavy metals cadmium, chromium, soil copper as plant cultivation media source currently planning to local common and have, as a wolf tail grass, quinoa Taiwan, soap grass heavy metal assay, in addition to the plant to be removed after harvest, may also be used as source material for biomass energy sources. Another soap because grass contains large amounts of saponin (Saponin) component of biological surfactants, carboxyl and metal binding ability of the present study, it contains benefit to the adsorption of heavy metals in soil, the soil saponin solution to rinse , thereby increasing the amount of adsorption of heavy metals Vegetation restoration and rinsed in biodegradable chelating agent EDDS chelator EDTA and leaching traditional comparison. The biomass of Pennisetum purpureum was the largest, followed by Taiwan Chenopodium album and soap. The EDTA, EDDS and EDS were the most important factors to decrease the biomass. The effect on the biomass is small. The concentrations of Cu in the plants were 100.9 mg/kg, 117.8 mg/kg and 32.7 mg/kg, respectively, and EDTA, EDDS and saponin were used as eluents. 891.5 mg/kg and 461.5 mg/kg, respectively. The concentration of copper in the soap grass plant was 294.5 mg/kg, 281.6 mg/kg and 128.4 mg/kg, respectively. The obtained heavy metal absorption than EDTA to the good, higher than the impact of saponin to high. Pennisetum in the EDDS environment, the removal of heavy metals can be the most Cu removal, removal of about 112.2~142.3 mg/m2 of Cu, in the EDTA environment can be removed per m2 of about 42.6~67.9 mg Cu, in the saponin environment can be removed per m2 about 43.2~64.9 mg of Cu. In the environment of EDDS, the removal of heavy metal Cu in the environment of EDDS could remove about 36.1~40.5 mg of Cu per m2, and remove about 5.1 ~ 18.7 mg of Cu per m2 in EDTA. , In the saponin environment can be removed per m2 about 13.1~17.5 mg Cu/kg . In the environment of EDTA, the removal of heavy metal Cu in the environment of EDTA was the most, about 30.9~40.7 mg Cu/kg was removed per m2, and about 27.3~34.7 mg of Cu in the environment of EDDS was removed , In the saponin environment can be removed per m2 about 21.3~30.5 mg of Cu. Saponin eluents can be biodegraded and will not cause secondary pollution to the environment. If the irrigation with irrigation with water, will help the plant to absorb heavy metals increased, if again with acid-resistant environment, plant crops, will be able to enhance the absorption of heavy metals plant efficiency.