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年度	102	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	調查
申請機構	國立台灣大學嚴慶齡工業發展基金會合設工業研究中心	申請系所
專案主持人	林郁真	職等/職稱	教授
專案中文名稱	新興污染物於台灣地下水體之流佈研究
中文關鍵字	新興污染物，固相萃取法，液相層析串聯式質譜儀，地下水，流佈
專案英文名稱	Occurrence of Emerging Contaminants in Taiwanese Groundwaters
英文關鍵字	Emerging contaminant, Solid-phase extraction, LC-MS/MS, Groundwater, Occurrence
執行金額
執行期間	2012/12/10 至 2013/12/9
計畫中文摘要	文獻指出新興污染物(emerging contaminants)無法以現有污水處理系統完全去除掉並已在環境水 體中出現，其中以藥品和個人保健用品 (pharmaceuticals and personal care products, PPCPs)、賀爾蒙和 工業用化合物如全氟化合物(perfluorinated compounds, PFCs)最常被檢測出來，這些污染物可能因為 各種途徑而由表面水體進入地下水體中，而台灣地下水多用為民生用水、農業及工業用水，因此若 新興污染物進入地下水體將可能進一步造成人體及環境上的危害。於今年度，本研究團隊根據國外 相關分析方法文獻及過去建立之新興污染物於表面水體與廢水中之分析方法資料，成功建立台灣地 下水中 50 種新興污染物之固相萃取結合液相層析串聯式質譜儀(LC-MS/MS)之微量分析方法，其偵測極限範圍為 0.05-5 ng/L，達到微量 ng/L 等級。而回收率測試顯示介於 67%~118%之間，除了 PFDoA 與 Gemfibrozil 之外，此為微量檢測技術可接受之範圍。基於台灣地區過去尚未有研究調查地下水 中新興污染物的濃度分佈，因此本研究團隊建立了第一筆台灣地下水體中之新興污染物流佈數據， 初步調查大台北地區(14 個監測井、2 個場置性監測井)及新竹地區(6 個監測井)之地下水，於今年度 的枯水期(3 月)及豐水期間(6 月)各採樣一次化驗分析。檢測結果發現，絕大多數(40 種)目標物之濃 度皆為ng/L濃度等級，其中有3種污染物濃度達到μg/L濃度等級，分別為Acetaminophen (1.0 μg/L)、 Sulfamethoxazole (1.8 μg/L)和 17α-ethynylestradiol (1.8 μg/L)。另就檢出頻率來看，檢出頻率最高之 前十名化合物中，前八名皆為全氟化物，其原因可能與全氟化物在環境中持久及不易分解的特性有 關。此外，O2 監測井(新竹市東門國小)之檢出目標污染物種類為最多(35 種)且濃度最高(1.8 μg/L)， 明顯高於其他採樣點且兩次數據具有重複性。建議未來可持續針對特定監測井與常見之新興污染物 進行相關調查。 由於各監測井位置皆鄰近診所、藥局、醫院、藥廠、污水處理廠及電子科技廠，加上國外文獻 與本研究團隊發表之期刊論文證實以上場址皆為新興污染物之環境污染來源，因此初步研判這些場 址為地下水中新興污染物之可能污染源頭。建議未來能持續進行相關調查，以釐清污染來源與後續 防治策略。
計畫英文摘要	Previous studies have shown that emerging contaminants cannot be removed completely during wastewater treatment processes and have been detected in our aquatic environment. Among all emerging contaminants, most frequently detected compounds are pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), hormones and industrial pollutants such as perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). These contaminants may enter into groundwater system from surface water through various pathways. In Taiwan, groundwaters are often used for domestic consumption, agricultural irrigation and industrial use. Consequently, the occurrence of emerging contaminants in groundwater can be a potential risk to human health. The analytical methods (solid-phase extraction combining with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) of 50 emerging compounds in groundwater have been developed this year. The method detection limits of all target compounds range from 0.05-5 ng/L. Recoveries at this concentration level range from 67%-118% except for PFDoA and gemfibrozil. This is the first work to investigate occurrences of emerging contaminants in groundwaters in Taiwan. Groundwater monitoring wells in Taipei and Hsinchu area were monitored in March and June this year and the temporal and spatial distribution of emerging contaminants were investigated. Results showed that 40 target compounds were found to occur at the ng/L concentration level and 3 compounds reached μg/L concentration level, including Acetaminophen (1.0 μg/L), Sulfamethoxazole (1.8 μg/L) and 17α-ethynylestradiol (1.8 μg/L). In terms of detection frequency, the most frequently detected eight compounds were all perfluorinated compounds; this is likely due to its persistent nature in the environment. On the other hand, O2 monitoring well has the most number of target compounds found (35 PPCPs and PFCs). The result is significantly higher than the other monitoring wells and is consistent in the two times sampling. All the monitoring wells are close to clinics, pharmacies, wastewater treatment plants and electronic technology factories. Studies from other countries and the results of our previous works have identified that these sites are the sources of emerging contaminant pollution. For future investigation, it is important to continuously monitor the most frequently detected compounds as well as the specific monitoring wells which have found to have higher occurrence of emerging contaminants.