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年度	102	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	模場試驗	研究主題	底泥
申請機構	國立中興大學	申請系所	環境工程學系
專案主持人	張書奇	職等/職稱	副教授
專案中文名稱	二仁溪污染底泥整治模場試驗計畫(第三年─苯(a)駢芘與多溴二苯醚污染整治與驗證技術開發)
中文關鍵字	底泥；多溴二苯醚；乳化液；奈米過氧化鈣；表面增強拉曼光譜；微流體
專案英文名稱	Remediation pilot study of the contaminated sediments in Er-Ren River (Year 3 - remediation and validation technology development for benzo(a)pyrene and polybrominated diphenylether contaminated sediments)
英文關鍵字	Er -Ren RiverRen RiverRen RiverRen RiverRen RiverRen RiverRen RiverRen RiverRen River；sediment；pilot study；polybrominated diphenylether；polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons；benzo(a)pyrene
執行金額
執行期間	2012/12/10 至 2013/12/9
計畫中文摘要	河川底泥在生態系中扮演重要功能，一旦遭受持久性有機污染物（persistentorganic pollutants, POPs）污染，污染物將可循食物鏈進入人體及動植物體內，造成人體 健康危害與生態系損害。近來本團隊進行二仁溪與三爺溪沿岸底泥採樣分析發現 PAHs 以苯(a)駢芘（benzo(a)pyrene, BaP）等五環類最高且超出指標上限值 10 倍；PBDEs 測值 屢屢高居全國前三名，魚體脂質濃度更高居全國第一，污染程度在全世界名列前茅，此 二者實有整治之必要。本計畫以 BaP 與 PBDEs 中相對濃度較高之 BDE-47、BDE-99 與 BDE209 為目標污染物，將食品級乳化液加入混合之後，進行油水分離回收，並以殘留 之乳化液或是外加奈米過氧化鈣加速目標污染物之生物分解。依據本實驗室之先期研究 結果顯示，在適當條件下之單次乳化液回收操作可回收 95%之 BDE 209，多次操作下應 可快速降低目標污染物濃度。本計畫執行至今，已經完成初步之底泥採樣與分析，確認 目前底泥中之16種主要PAHs之濃度分布以五環PAHs為主，其中BaP濃度介於0.09-13.84 mg/kg 將作為模場試驗用底泥中 BaP 濃度高達 1.45±0.60 mg/kg，已經超出我國現行管制 辦法之上限值 1.34 mg/kg 與下限值 0.16 mg/kg。而 BDE-47、BDE-99 與 BDE209 之濃度為 20.87±11.71 μg/kg、27.63±10.89 μg/kg 與 64.36±29.29 μg/kg（mean±SD, n=5），與國際文 獻測值比較，顯然偏高。二仁溪底泥中 BaP 與 PBDEs 之乳化液回收效果均相當良好，BaP 單次可回收達 31.4%至 73.6%，BDE47、BDE-99 與 BDE209P 單次可回收分別可達 53.7% 至 76.1%、47.5 至 91.4%與 10.4 至 61.8%。另外以現場底泥在未添加外來污染物情況下 回收 PBDEs 發現乳化液可回收達 BDE209 達 92.7%。BaP 之生物降解最佳之組別為有加入 乳化液之第 4 組（t1/2=68.6 天），最差者為自然回復組（t1/2>462 天）。BDE47、BDE99 與 BDE209 之生物降解情況仍以 BDE209 最難降解，但有添加乳化液者之生物分解速率 有明顯提升，自然回復組之在同時添加兩種污染物情況下之 BDE209 分解速率最高之情 況有待進一步確認。表面增強拉曼光譜檢測 BDE209 部分以微流體晶片部分已經完成至 少可有效檢測至 90 ppb 之技術，且有效線性範圍可至少達 4 個數量級。
計畫英文摘要	River sediments play an imperative role in ecosystems. Once contaminated by persistent organic pollutants (POPs), the contaminant may enter human body or other organisms through food chains resulting adverse effects on human health and ecosystems. According to our recent sampling and analysis, the distribution of PAHs in Er-Ren River sediments has shifted from lower ring numbers to higher ring numbers and 5-ring PAHs seemed to be the most predominant ones. Further, the difficulty on confirming the remediation performance usually results from the heterogeneous distribution of high kow compounds in sediments. Thus, this research project is aimed to development removal technology of PBDEs removal with target compounds BDE-47, BDE-99, and BDE209 and also a new technology to reliably quantification of BDE209 using surface-enhanced Ramam scattering. Up to now, the data showed that the sediment we are going to conduct pilot test has been analyzed to have 1.45±0.60 mg/kg （mean±SD, n=5）of benzo(a)pyrene, which is higher that the regulated values, upper limit 1.34 mg/kg and lower limit 0.16 mg/kg. The BDE-47, BDE-99, and BDE209 in the same sediment samples were 20.87±11.71 μg/kg、 27.63± （mean±SD, n=5 10.89 μg/kg, and 64.36±29.29 μg/kg ）, respectively. These values are also at the high end of most reported values in the literatures. The results of enmulsion recovery of BaP and PBDEs are rather good. Single recovery operation can remove 31.4% to 73.6% of BaP, 53.7% to76.1% of BDE47, 47.5 to 91.4% of BDE99, and 10.4 to 61.8% of BDE209. Without addition of any BaP or PBDEs, this emulsion recovery technology can remove aged BDE209 in the real sediment up to 92.7%. It seems that fresh BDE209 is harder to remove that aged BDE209 in the sediments. For the biodegration of BaP, it is found that the 4th tank with emusion addition achieved the highest removal with a halflife at 68.6days and the natural recovery group exhibited a halflieves longer than 462 days. In the bioremediation of PBDEs, BDE209 is the most difficult one to remove. The natural recivery group showed the best removal in BDE209 but need to be identified by a repeat test. Surfeace-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) on microfluidic chip can rapidily detect BDE209 down to 90 ppb or lower concentration and the linear relationship is good for over 4 orders of magnitude.