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年度	104	專案性質	實驗性質
專案類別	研究專案	研究主題	整治
申請機構	朝陽科技大學	申請系所	環境工程與管理系所
專案主持人	劉敏信	職等/職稱	副教授
專案中文名稱	強化被動式生物通氣系統應用於 污染場址之操作參數探討
中文關鍵字	被動式生物通氣系統, 柴油類石油碳氫化合物, 風力驅動, 氣泡式呼吸儀
專案英文名稱	A Study on Operation Parameters of Enhanced Passive Bioventing System at Contaminated Sites
英文關鍵字	Passive bioventing system, TPHs as diesel, Wind driven, Bubble respirometer
執行金額	1,100,000元
執行期間	2014/12/1 至 2015/11/30
計畫中文摘要	本年度計畫於實驗室建立風力驅動式生物通氣(Wind-driven Bioventing) 模場應用於風化超過2年的柴油污染土壤，使用之土壤經質地分析認定為壤質砂土，適合以生物通氣設備進行污染整治；試驗中同時使用氣泡式呼吸儀 (Bubble Respirometer)搭配生物泥漿法進行土壤中微生物活性監測，探討生物通氣法整治柴油污染土壤的成效與微生物活性之關係。經103年度成果報告可得知，Bacillus cereus菌(代號BC)、Achromobacter xylosoxidans菌(代號F3B)、Pseudomonas putida菌(代號PS)等3株菌具有柴油降解能力，因此本計畫持續103年度計畫，模場實驗組別為五組，分別為三組添單一菌種組、一組添加混菌組(Mixture組)及空白(Blank)組，Blank組為未植菌且未通氣空白試驗組，土壤中營養源比例為碳、氮、磷比100：10：1，採樣點固定為距中央通氣管15 cm處，同時本實驗事先以少量柴油馴化此三種植菌，再搭配強化被動式生物通氣系統，探討降解風化柴油污染土壤之成效。以氣泡式呼吸儀於降解期間對各組別進行呼吸試驗及監測，將每批次試驗開始24 小時間攝氧率統計作圖可得一活性曲線，藉由曲線變化能協助操作人員評估微生物活性趨勢。呼吸試驗結果顯示，在七週的柴油降解試驗中，5日的總累積攝氧量以BC組與PS組微生物具有良好的攝氧條件，相較於其他3個組別，有較平穩的狀態下呈現攝氧情形，結果亦發現添加營養鹽確實有效增加微生物的活性。由批次翻拌好氧反應槽試驗結果顯示，BC菌組較適合生存於高濃度柴油污染土壤中，提高其事先馴化柴油濃度有助於降解之成效，F3B和PS菌組在試驗14天後，馴化組及未馴化組會出現明顯的降解效果差異。PS菌組在試驗21天時皆出現2週的降解平緩現象，在試驗49天後馴化8,000 μL/L組降解率達79.5%為最佳。馴化8,000 μL/L組中，三種菌組皆有較好的降解成效。提高F3B菌組之馴化濃度有助於降解成效，但過高的馴化濃度無法提供更好的效果。經強化被動式生物通氣系統試驗結果顯示，各組對風化柴油皆有相當穩定的降解趨勢，添加菌種Achromobacter xylosoxidans的F3B組柴油殘餘率(C/C0) 0.25為最低，尤其F3B組於添加營養鹽後可出現明顯降解之成效。
計畫英文摘要	Major effort of this year's research is devoted to pilot study on measuring the effectiveness of wind-driven bioventing in remediating the diesel fuel contaminated soil. Tested soil was identified as loamy sand, conducive to bioremediation with wind-driven bioventing. Soil was seeded with each of 3 microorganism species, Bacillus cereus (BC), Achromobacter xylosoxidans (F3B) and Pseudomonas putida (PS); these microorganisms are capable to biodegrade diseased fuel as identified in previous yearly report. One soil was seeded with all three microorganisms’ Mixture and another soil was functioning a blank without seeding and ventilation. The soils were nutrient balanced with 100:10:1 CNP ratio. All testing samples were taken from locations 15 cm away from the central venting casing. Concomitantly, 24-hr oxygen uptakes were measured with a bubble respirometer collocated with bioslurry method and analyzed graphically to estimate the viability of microorganisms employed. These viability data were then compared with the effectiveness of remediation data with a purpose to uncover the possible relation between the two sets of data. During 7-week bioventing pilot study, BC and PS groups showed better 5-day cumulative oxygen uptake than the rest, both in terms of the amount of accumulation and steadiness. In the study of batch aeration and mixing test, the results showed that the BC group is more active than the rest in high diesel environmental condition. The microorganisms were acclimated with diesel prior to applying to high diesel contaminated soil, the degradation efficiency of F3B and PS groups also showed the difference between with and without acclimation of microorganisms. The degradation curve revealed that PS group became gentle in two weeks, the optimal condition was to use 8,000 μL/L diesel acclimation concentration in 49-day experiment, and the diesel degradation efficiency could approach to 79.5%. However, the higher acclimation concentration was not suitable for any microorganism. The results also appear to show the biological viability is enhanced by the supplement of nutrients. This yearly study clearly demonstrates that the concentrations of diesel fuel contaminants were trending down steadily, with relative diesel concentrations (C/C0) of 0.25 by F3B seeding and possible lower with nutrient addition.